Chih-i’s category, Subtlety of Retinues, is meant to reveal the result of the teaching of the Buddha. Only if living beings are retinues of the Buddha, can they receive benefits as the result of the Buddha’s teaching. Chih-i’s enumeration of various types of retinues intends to confirm that all beings are destined to attain Buddhahood, since universal salvation is the ultimate goal of the Buddha’s teaching. What should be pointed out is, in Chih-i ‘s enumeration of retinues that are related to mind contemplation, two types of retinues that are formed by the mind that contains defilement of wrong attitudes and defilement of false views indicate devious and heretical paths practitioners may encounter. By stating these two types of retinues, Chih-i not only warns us of errors that may occur in terms of contemplating mind due to one’s own false views and wrong attitudes, but also confirms that even these two types of retinues are included as retinues of the Buddha, since the ultimate goal of the Buddha’s teaching is universal salvation. (Vol. 2, Page 300)