Having last month considered beholding Buddhas in each of the 10 directions, we consider

Having attained purification of the six sense faculties, the practitioner’s body and mind become joyful and free of unwholesome elements. Giving full devotion to this method, he or she will be in full accord with the Dharma. The practitioner will also gain a further hundred-thousand-myriad koṭis of Dharma-grasping empowerments of interaction and exchange, and he or she will once again perceive a hundred-thousand-myriad koṭis of innumerable buddhas far and wide. Each of these World-honored Ones will extend their right hand, gently stroke the practitioner’s head, and say:

“Well done! Well done, Great Vehicle practitioner – you who aspires to the fully composed mind, you who are mindful of the Great Vehicle! When our aspiration for enlightenment was awakened in the past, we all supremely endeavored to never lose sight of it, in the very same manner as you. Because we practiced in accordance with the Great Vehicle throughout previous existences, we have now become the embodiments of purity and full enlightenment. You should also practice diligently now, and do not be remiss!

“These Great Vehicle sutras are the buddhas’ treasury, the essence of past, present, and future buddhas in all of the ten directions, and the seed from which the tathāgatas of the past, present, and future come forth. One who keeps faith with these sutras is an embodiment of a buddha and is one who does a buddha’s work. You should know that such a person is an ambassador of the buddhas, is clothed in the garments of the buddhas, the World-honored Ones, and is a true and genuine Dharma successor of the buddha tathāgatas. Practice in accordance with the Great Vehicle, and do not sever yourself from the seed of Dharma! Now, focus your contemplation on the buddhas of the east!”

When these words are spoken, the practitioner will immediately perceive all of the innumerable worlds in the eastern direction. The lands are as level as the palm of a hand, with neither hills, nor mounds, nor brambles; and the ground is [composed of] lapis lazuli, with boundaries made of gold. Worlds in all directions will be successively perceived as being similar to this.

Having last month considered keeping the Buddhas in mind, we consider beholding Buddhas in each of the 10 directions.

At this time the practitioner should once again undertake self-amendment and pay homage to the buddhas of the ten directions. After homage has been offered to the buddhas of the ten directions, Universal Sage Bodhisattva, abiding before the practitioner, will teach and instruct the practitioner regarding all karmic causes and conditions from his or her past lives and to avow all of his or her very grave faults and impure acts. The practitioner must then avow them in his or her own words while facing the World-honored Ones. When the practitioner’s avowal is completed, he or she will then immediately attain the specialized focus of mind in which buddhas reveal themselves.

While engaged in this specialized focus of mind, the practitioner will fully and clearly behold, in the eastern direction, the buddha Akṣobhya and the Land of Wonderful Joy. In this same manner he or she will clearly and completely behold buddhas and magnificent wonderful lands in each of the ten directions. After having seen buddhas in all of the ten directions, the practitioner will envision a person with a diamond cudgel on top of an elephant’s head who, with the cudgel, signifies each of the six sense faculties. After the six sense faculties have been so indicated, for the practitioner’s benefit Universal Sage Bodhisattva will expound the method of self-amendment to purify them. Over the course of one to seven days,16 the practitioner will do self-amendment as he or she is taught. Through the power of the engaged specialized focus of mind in which buddhas reveal themselves, and through Universal Sage Bodhisattva’s well-composed explanation of the method, the practitioner’s ears will gradually hear sounds without encumbrance, the practitioner’s eyes will gradually see things without encumbrance, and the practitioner’s nose will gradually smell scents without encumbrance, as is extensively expounded in the Dharma Flower Sutra.

Having last month considered the first stage of contemplating the bodhisattva Universal Sage, we consider keeping the Buddhas in mind.

Universal Sage Bodhisattva will teach the practitioner to keep the buddhas of the ten directions in mind. Having proper disposition in mind and heart following Universal Sage Bodhisattva’s instruction, with his or her mind’s eye the practitioner will gradually perceive in the eastern direction a buddha whose body is golden-colored and majestic beyond expression. After discerning one buddha, the practitioner will then discern another. In this manner he or she will gradually perceive all of the buddhas everywhere in the eastern direction; and because of the clarity of this state of mind, he or she will perceive all of the buddhas everywhere in all of the ten directions. After perceiving the buddhas, joy will arise in the practitioner’s heart and mind, and he or she should say:

“By means of the Great Vehicle, I have been able to see a great being; and through that great being’s power, I have been able to perceive buddhas. Although I have perceived the buddhas, my perception of them is still incomplete – I discern them when my eyes are closed, but when I open my eyes I lose sight of them.”

Having said this, the practitioner should cast his or her whole body upon the ground and universally pay homage to the buddhas everywhere. After paying homage to the buddhas, the practitioner must kneel formally on one knee, place palms together, and say:

“The buddhas, the World-honored Ones, possess the ten capabilities, dauntlessness, the eighteen unique merits, great mercy, great compassion, and three kinds of constancy of mind. They are always present in the world, and among forms and embodiments theirs is supreme. What impurities do I have that prevent me from seeing them?”

After saying these words, the practitioner should undertake further self-amendment. When purification from self-amendment has been gained, Universal Sage Bodhisattva will reveal himself again and constantly remain at the practitioner’s side, whether walking, standing, sitting, or lying down. He will continually expound the teachings for the practitioner’s benefit, even in the practitioner’s dreams; when the practitioner awakes, she or he will realize the joy and comfort of the Dharma. After such a process has continued night and day for three-times-seven days, the practitioner will then attain a Dharma-grasping empowerment (dhāraṇī)14 of interaction and exchange. With the attainment of this Dharma-grasping empowerment, he or she will remember, retain, and never forget all the explanations of the marvelous Dharma given by the buddhas and bodhisattvas. The practitioner will also regularly see in dreams the seven past buddhas of this world, and although Śākyamuni Buddha alone among them expounds the Dharma for the practitioner, every one of these World-honored Ones gives praise to the Great Vehicle sutras.

Having last month considered what happens when Universal Sage Bodhisattva emits a bright light from the white curl between his eyebrows, we consider the first stage of contemplating the bodhisattva Universal Sage

Seeing the bodhisattvas at that moment, the practitioner’s body and mind will fill with joy, and he or she should then pay homage to them and address them, saying:

“Most merciful and compassionate ones: Out of sympathetic concern for me, expound the teachings for my benefit!”

When the practitioner says these words, the bodhisattvas will then speak in unison – each expounding the pure teachings found in the Great Vehicle sutras and reciting verses in praise of the practitioner. This is said as beginning the first stage of contemplating the bodhisattva Universal Sage.

Having perceived these things, the practitioner should then concentrate on the Great Vehicle unceasingly day and night. In dreams while sleeping, the practitioner will see Universal Sage expounding the teachings for his or her benefit, which will ease and comfort the practitioner’s mind exactly as though he or she were awake. Even so, the bodhisattva will say these words as well:

“In the parts you have taken to heart and kept, you have forgotten this phrase; you have made a mistake in this verse.”

Hearing Universal Sage Bodhisattva’s comments at such times, the practitioner will deeply grasp their meaning and objective and, without forgetting, will always keep them in memory. His or her mind will gradually increase in clarity as day after day passes in this way.

Having last month considered the procession of the elephant, we consider what happens when Universal Sage Bodhisattva emits a bright light from the white curl between his eyebrows.

Having made this appeal, the practitioner must pay homage to the buddhas of the ten directions at the six specified times of day and night, and must practice ways of self-amendment: internalize the Great Vehicle sutras, recite the Great Vehicle sutras, reflect on the Great Vehicle’s principle, be mindful of the Great Vehicle’s application, revere and render service to those who keep faith with the Great Vehicle, regard all people in the same manner as buddhas would regard them, and regard each living thing in the same manner as would a mother or father.

After the practitioner has effected such mindfulness, Universal Sage Bodhisattva will immediately emit a bright light from the white curl between his eyebrows – the sign of a great person. When made visible by this light, Universal Sage Bodhisattva’s body is as majestic as purple-gold mountains; it possesses all of the thirty-two characteristics, and it is dignified beyond description. Numerous rays of brilliant light will come forth from the pores of his body and illuminate the great elephant, making it a golden color. All of the manifested forms of elephants and bodhisattvas will likewise be made a golden color. These golden rays illuminate the innumerable worlds in the eastern direction with the same golden color; and the southern, western, and northern directions, the four intermediate directions, and the upper and lower regions will likewise be illuminated in turn.

At that moment there will be a bodhisattva mounted on a white, six-tusked king of elephants facing each of the ten directions, each bodhisattva equal to and no different than Universal Sage, and the ten directions will correspondingly be filled with innumerable and limitless manifested elephant forms. Through his wondrous capabilities, Universal Sage Bodhisattva enables a practitioner who has kept faith with the sutras to perceive all of this.

Having last month considered the elephant with six tusks and seven limbs, we consider the procession of the elephant.

The elephant’s trunk becomes the color of a red lotus flower. On the trunk, the manifested buddha form emits a beam of light from between its eyebrows. The beam is golden-colored and, as before, goes into the elephant’s trunk, emerges from inside the trunk and enters the elephant’s eyes, then comes out of the elephant’s eyes and curls back to enter its ears. The beam comes out of the elephant’s ears and extends to the top of its neck; then it gradually moves up to the elephant’s back and transforms into a golden saddle. The saddle is inlaid with the seven precious metals and gems, it has posts on four sides made of the seven precious metals and gems, and a multitude of jewels adorn it so as to form a jeweled platform. In the middle of the platform is a single lotus flower made of the seven precious metals and gems. One hundred jewels combine to form the stamens of this lotus flower, and its pod is a magnificent maṇi jewel. A single bodhisattva will be there, sitting erectly in the lotus posture: his name is Universal Sage. His body is the color of a white jewel, fifty kinds of rays of light, in fifty kinds of colors, are radiating from the nape of his neck, and golden rays of light are coming forth from all the pores of his body. Innumerable manifested buddha forms are at the ends of these golden rays, accompanied by manifested bodhisattva forms as their retinues.

Walking slowly and with quiet purpose, raining numerous jewel-like flowers, the procession will pass before the practitioner. The elephant will open its mouth, and the exquisite maidens in the pools at the tips of its tusks will sing and strum pleasant music, their sublime voices lauding the one genuine path of the Great Vehicle. Feeling both joy and reverence after perceiving this, the practitioner should further internalize and recite the extremely profound sutras, pay homage to all of the innumerable buddhas respectively in the ten directions, pay homage to the stupa of Many-Treasures Buddha and to Śākyamuni, likewise pay homage to Universal Sage and the various eminent bodhisattvas, and speak aloud this declaration:

“If I am worthy of seeing Universal Sage as a happy result of past actions, I petition you, O Universally Virtuous One, to show me your body and form!”

Having last month considered the Buddha’s description of Universal Sage Bodhisattva, we consider the elephant with six tusks and seven limbs.

The elephant has six tusks, and seven limbs support it on the ground. From beneath its seven limbs, seven lotus flowers grow. The elephant’s color is vivid white, a white surpassed by no other of its hue: even crystalline Himalayan peaks cannot compare. The elephant’s body measures four hundred and fifty yojanas in length, and it is four hundred yojanas tall. At the tips of the six tusks are six bathing pools. Fourteen lotus flowers are growing in each pool, filling each pool completely and blossoming in all their glory like the king of celestial trees. Atop each flower is a maiden, as exquisite as a jewel, whose face glows with a color of rouge more radiant than that of maids in the heavens. Five harps spontaneously appear in the hands of each maiden, and five hundred musical instruments accompany each harp. Five hundred flying birds – wild ducks and geese and mandarin ducks, all colored like various jewels – come forth from the flowers and leaves. There is a lotus flower on the elephant’s trunk: its stalk has a color like that of a red pearl; the flower is a golden bud that has not yet bloomed.

A practitioner, having perceived these things, should re-engage in self-amendment – again plumb and ponder the Great Vehicle with total commitment, without rest or resignation. The practitioner will then see the golden bud blossom fully in an instant and radiate a golden glow. The lotus flower’s pod is a kimśuka gem, its calyx is made of wonderful brahma-maṇi jewels, and its stamens are made of diamonds. A manifested buddha form is seen sitting on the pod of the lotus flower, and a great number of bodhisattvas are seen sitting on the stamens.

The manifested buddha form emits from between its eyebrows a golden beam of light that enters the elephant’s trunk.11 Emerging from the elephant’s trunk, it goes into the elephant’s eyes. Coming out of the elephant’s eyes, it goes into the elephant’s ears. The beam then comes out of the elephant’s ears, illuminates the top of its head, and transforms into a golden platform. Three manifested human forms will be there on the elephant’s head: one is clutching a golden wheel, one is carrying a maṇi jewel, and one, holding a diamond cudgel, raises the cudgel and points it at the elephant, instantly enabling the elephant to move. The elephant floats seven feet above the ground and treads in the air. Without touching down it makes impressions in the ground, each containing a perfect imprint of a wheel, complete with one thousand spokes radiating from hub to rim. A great lotus flower comes forth from each space within the wheel, and an elephant form manifests itself above it. This elephant also has seven limbs, and it walks following the great elephant. With each raising and lowering of its limbs, seven thousand elephants appear and form a retinue that accompanies the great elephant.

See Interpreting The Elephant

Having last month considered Ānanda’s guestion, we consider the Buddha’s description of Universal Sage Bodhisattva.

“O Ānanda! Universal Sage Bodhisattva was born in the Pure Wondrous Land in the east. Aspects of that land have already been thoroughly detailed in the Dharma Flower Sutra (Lotus Sutra), and these I will now outline and explain.

“Ānanda! When monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen, heavenly beings (devas), nāgas, others of the eight classes of ever-present guardian spirits, or any living beings are internalizing6 the Great Vehicle sutras, practicing in accordance with the Great Vehicle, aspiring to a Great Vehicle consciousness, and would be pleased to see an embodiment of the bodhisattva Universal Sage, take joy in seeing the stupa of Many-Treasures Buddha, be happy to see Śākyamuni Buddha as well as buddhas that emanate from him, and be glad to achieve purification of the six sense faculties, they should learn this way of contemplation. Beneficial effects of this contemplation are the elimination of encumbrances and the perception of extraordinary and wondrous things.

“As a result of resolutely internalizing and keeping faith with it, and wholeheartedly pursuing mastery of it, a practitioner will become continuously conscious of the Great Vehicle without immersion into a specialized focus of mind, and he or she will gain perception of Universal Sage within the course of one to three-times-seven days. A practitioner who has great encumbrances will gain perception of him after seven-times-seven days have passed. A practitioner with greater encumbrances will gain perception after one more rebirth, and a practitioner with yet more serious encumbrances will gain perception after two more rebirths. Further, a practitioner with even graver encumbrances will gain perception after three more rebirths. Karmic consequences differ like this—that is why there are variations in my ways of explanation.

“The body of Universal Sage Bodhisattva is boundless in size, his voice is limitless in sound, and his figure is infinite in its forms. He desires to come to this land, and so – drawing upon the unlimited wondrous capabilities at his command – he will make his body become smaller in scale. Because people in this world are weighed down by the three hindrances, through his great insight he will manifest himself riding on a white elephant.”

See Meaning Behind the Symbolism

Having last month concluded the Sutra of Contemplation of Universal Sage, we return to the top and consider Ānanda’s guestion.

Thus have I heard:

On one occasion the Buddha was at the double-storied assembly hall of the Great Forest Monastery in the land of Vaiśālī. He announced to all the monks: “My state shall be that of parinirvāṇa after the passage of three months’ time.”

Thereupon the esteemed Ānanda rose from where he sat, straightened his clothing, and folded his hands. Then, in homage, he placed his hands together palm-to-palm and walked around the Buddha three times. He then knelt formally on one knee, placed his palms together, and fixed his eyes intently and steadfastly upon the Tathāgata. The venerable Mahākāśyapa and the great-being (mahāsattva) bodhisattva Maitreya also rose from where they sat, brought the palms of their hands together in homage, and gazed up at the honored face. These three men of great distinction then addressed the Buddha in one voice, saying:

“World-honored One! After you have passed away, O Tathāgata, how do living beings produce the bodhisattva mind, practice in accordance with the comprehensive sutras of the Great Vehicle (Mahayana), and, with right mindfulness, bring their thoughts into the realm of one reality? How do they avoid losing sight of the aspiration for ultimate enlightenment (bodhicitta)? Moreover, without cutting off worldly passions and without abandoning the five desires, how do they achieve purity of the sense faculties and eliminate accumulated impurities? Without giving up the five desires, how can they still become capable of seeing events and things free from encumbrance with the pure natural eyes received from their parents at birth?”

The Buddha addressed Ānanda:

“Hear me clearly! Hear me clearly, and consider this well! In the past, on Mount Vulture Peak and at other places, the Tathāgata has already expounded the one genuine path from many perspectives. And now, at this place, for the benefit of all living beings in the future who wish to follow the Supreme Way that is the Great Vehicle—and who wish to learn and follow the practice of Universal Sage, I will now expound the method4 for that, which I have kept in mind. Impurities, in any number, should be eliminated whether one perceives Universal Sage or not. This I will now explain to you, accordingly, in great detail.

See Teaching How To Apply the Lotus Sutra in Our Daily Lives

Having last month in the Sutra of Contemplation of Universal Sage considered the vow a practitioner expresses, we conclude the Sutra of Contemplation of Universal Sage.

Based on this, O wise one, suppose a śrāvaka practitioner repudiates his or her attitude toward the threefold taking of refuge, or toward the five behavioral principles, or toward the eight behavioral principles – or toward the behavioral principles of a monk or nun, of a novice monk or nun, of a novice nun in the final two years of training, or toward matters of dignified conduct. Numerous offenses against the behavioral principles and the rules of dignified conduct are generated by such a foolish, ignorant, unwholesome, and contrary mind. If such a person desires to eliminate and become free of faults and afflictions, and be restored as one who conforms to the rules of the renunciants, he or she must diligently follow and recite the comprehensive sutras, ponder the ultimate principle – the most profound truth of emptiness – and make discernment based on this emptiness become intrinsic to his or her mind. It should be known that this person then, lastingly and with no residue, brings all moral defilements to an end within a moment of thought.33 Such a person is recognized as one who conforms to the codes of the renunciants and fully manifests the ways of dignified conduct. He or she will become worthy of being honored and rendered service by all human and heavenly beings.

Suppose a man who is a lay follower flouts the ways of dignified conduct and does unwholesome things. To do unwholesome things means to claim that there are errors and faults in the Buddha’s teachings, to talk at length about bad things and offenses the fourfold assembly has committed, to steal, to behave licentiously, and to feel no shame. If he desires to amend himself and remove and destroy these impurities, he must diligently recite and internalize the comprehensive sutras and reflect on the ultimate principle.

Suppose kings, ministers of state, spiritual leaders, people of privilege, wealthy persons, civic leaders, and others of this kind untiringly pursue their cravings, commit the five grievous acts, speak ill of the comprehensive sutras, and embrace the ten harmful karmic actions. The consequence of these great wrongs is to fall into bitter conditions that exceed even those of a raging storm. They will most certainly fall to the Avīci Hell. If they desire to rid themselves of and destroy the encumbrances resulting from these karmic causes, they must evince shame and amend themselves of impurities. What are said to be ways of self-amendment34 for leaders and the privileged?

A way of self-amendment is that they must fundamentally maintain a pure heart and mind, not speak ill of the Three Treasures, not cause hindrances for renunciants, and not cause hardship for or act maliciously toward those who practice pure living; they must fix their thoughts on and cultivate the six manners of mindfulness; they must also support, render service to, and honor, but do not need to worship,35 those who keep faith with the Great Vehicle; and they must keep in mind the extremely profound truth that is found in the sutras – the ultimate principle of emptiness. Being mindful in this way is called practicing the first self-amendment for leaders and the privileged. A second self-amendment is to act filially toward their parents and respect their teachers and elders. This is called practicing the second way of self-amendment. A third self-amendment is to govern their domains with appropriate laws and not restrict people unjustly. This is called practicing the third self-amendment. A fourth self-amendment is to direct that all within their spheres of influence refrain from killing and observe other such specified ways during the six abstaining days of the month. This is called practicing the fourth self-amendment. A fifth self-amendment is that they must, fundamentally, deeply believe in karmic cause and effect, trust the one genuine path, and be aware of the timeless presence of the Buddha. This is called practicing the fifth self-amendment.

The Buddha spoke thus to Ānanda:

“If there are any in future worlds who pursue mastery of these methods of self-amendment as such, it should be known that they don the clothes of humility, that buddhas will watch over and inspire them, and that it will not take a long time for them to achieve the full dynamic of ultimate enlightenment.”

When these words were spoken, ten thousand heavenly beings attained the Dharma eye that clearly sees the truth of all things; and Maitreya Bodhisattva, the other eminent bodhisattvas, and Ānanda, hearing the Buddha’s teachings, rejoiced and faithfully followed them.