Having understood that the first section, “name,” aims at conveying the subtle dharma that is expressed in the teaching of the Buddha, and that the second section, “substance,” aims at presenting the Ultimate Truth as the foundation for the teaching of the Buddha, the following third of the Five Sections, “gist” (Tsung), begins to address what constitutes the teaching of the Buddha. According to Chih-i, the cause and effect of Buddhahood is essential in the teaching of the Buddha, because one’s practice of striving to attain Buddhahood as the cause entails penetrating the Ultimate Truth, and one’s attainment of Buddhahood as the effect is the realization of the Ultimate Truth. Therefore, the significance of clarifying the gist as the cause and effect of Buddhahood lies in the fact that the gist manifests the substance as the Ultimate Truth. (Vol. 2, Page 15)