In the First Rolling of the Wheel of the Law it is said that birth is suffering, old age is suffering, illness is suffering, death is suffering, contact with those one hates is suffering, separation from those one loves is suffering, failure to satisfy one’s desires is suffering, and clinging to the five aggregates that compose the minds and bodies of all sentient beings is suffering. The above-mentioned sufferings of birth, old age, illness, and death are called the four sufferings, and when the other four (meeting those one hates, parting from those one loves, not being able to satisfy one’s desires, and clinging to the five aggregates) are added to these, the list is known as the eight sufferings. (Page 25)