Before elaborating increasing numbers of practice, Chih-i delineates practice in terms of knowledge, stressing the importance of practice that can lead to an accomplishment and knowledge that can guide practice. Without practice, there would not be the fruition of enlightenment; and without knowledge, practice cannot accomplish anything. Both practice and knowledge are indispensable, and together, they provide conditions to allow a person to gain religious accomplishment. Chih-i explains:

“Although there are many practices, they are all based on knowledge.
Knowledge is like a guide and a master, and practice is like a merchant. Knowledge is like a sharp needle, and practice is like a long thread. When a cart [i.e., practice] is driven by knowledge, an ox cart rides smooth and steady, and is capable of getting somewhere.” (Vol. 2, Page 170)