The five grave offenses are: killing one’s father; killing one’s mother; killing an arhat; injuring a buddha; and causing a schism in the saṃgha.

The ten evil acts are: the physical evils of killing, stealing, and sexual misconduct; the verbal evils of lying, harsh speech, malicious speech, and idle chatter or gossip; and the mental evils of giving in to covetousness, ill-will, and wrong views or foolishness.

The five virtues are: benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and faithfulness.

The ten good acts consist of refraining from committing the ten evil acts.

The five precepts are not to kill, not to steal, not to engage in sexual misconduct’ not to lie, and not to consume intoxicants.

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