Before looking at the non-dual nature of defilements and awakening, we should make sure that we clearly understand what is meant by the two terms. Defilements are those personal characteristics or personality traits that keep us in a state of agitation, anxiety, or frustration and prevent us from realizing our own Buddha-nature. “Defilements” refers to the Three Poisons of greed, hatred, and delusion, and also to pride, false views, and doubt. According to Buddhism, the neediness of greed, the paranoia of hatred, the confusion of delusion, and the negativity generated by the other defilements are what keep us from feeling totally at ease, happy, peaceful, and confident. Because of these defilements, we never see things in the true light of reality. …

On the other hand, the defilements, or self-centered desires, can also be viewed as positive qualities that have not yet developed. For instance, those who are full of craving and attachment are also capable of single-minded devotion to the Three Treasures. Those who are highly critical and hostile towards others also have the capacity to develop critical thinking in order to discern truth from falsehood. Those whose minds are easily distracted by endless speculation are also acknowledged for their open-mindedness and curiosity. Buddhism recognizes that ignorant desires can be harnessed or developed into good qualities. We should also keep in mind that these defilements are the very qualities which motivate us to practice Buddhism. After all, if our lives were perfect and we felt neither desire nor dissatisfaction, then there would be no need to seek out the true nature of all existence or to cultivate the wisdom and compassion of Buddhahood. Our recognition of these qualities as defilements reveals a deep need within us to find meaning, security, and true happiness.