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The Bow of the Lotus Sutra and the Arrow of the Daimoku

Rev. Kenjo Igarashi performs kito blessing
Rev. Kenjo Igarashi performs kito blessing

Finally, after more than a year, Rev. Kenjo Igarashi ventured into the congregation of the Sacramento Nichiren Buddhist Church to give his monthly Kito Blessing. During the pandemic Rev. Igarashi had to provide the purification blessing remotely from the altar stage without moving about the congregation.

Rev. Igarashi said afterward during his sermon that this had been a special kito blessing in which he “looked into your mind” to see if those he was blessing were being affected by harmful spirits. In my case, he pulled me aside after the service to say that he felt the presence of a deity working on my behalf and asked if I had any ideas on which deity it might be. No clue, I said, but I pointed out that it was quite possible that a deity had been working to bring me and him together since he arrived in Sacramento in 1989. At that time I was recently divorced and looking to buy a new home. By chance (read: helped by deity?) I found a house just down the street from the Sacramento Nichiren Buddhist Church. I didn’t know anything about Nichiren Shu at the time, having only just joined Nichiren Shoshu, but I’m sure it would not have taken 25 years for me to start attending Rev. Igarashi’s services. Alas, unhelpful spirits working at the CalVet Loan agency discouraged me from buying that home.

During the sermon Rev. Igarashi stressed the importance of his purification ceremony, especially for new members. He said he has resumed his monthly trips to Chicago, where he ministers to “the young ones.” The oldest member, he said, is maybe 38. That’s close to the age of the youngest person who regularly attends services in Sacramento. At 69, I’m in the middle of the average. Our oldest active member is 93, and she still drives herself to services.

Rev. Igarashi contrasted the motivation of the “young ones” to get benefits to the people who attend in Sacramento because their parents and grandparents attended. That seemed harsh to me, but you can’t deny that Sacramento is sorely lacking in “young ones” seeking immediate benefits.

Rev. Igarashi pointed out that everyone who practices is equipped with the same tools with which to reach their goals, whatever those goals may be. Each person who practices has a strong bow and a straight arrow with which to hit their target. These are the Lotus Sutra and the Daimoku. The only difference is in the strength of the archer. That strength – the ability to bend the bow to the archer’s will and send the arrow flying to pierce the target – is a measure of our faith. Those who chant and practice develop strong faith and that faith allows those people to hit their targets.

Just Not Paying Attention

Why do you suppose it is that I read something again and again and then suddenly realize I haven’t been paying attention.

Today’s Daily Dharma says, “Superior-Practice is the embodiment of the fourth vow of a Bodhisattva: The Buddha’s teachings are immeasurable; I vow to attain supreme enlightenment.”

The Four Great Vows of the Bodhisattva are:

  1. SHUJO-MUHEN SEIGANDO – Sentient beings are innumerable: I vow to save them all.
  2. BONNO-MUSHU-SEIGANDAN – Our evil desires are inexhaustible: I vow to quench them all.
  3. HO-MON MUJIN SEIGANCHI – The Buddha’s teachings are immeasurable: I vow to study them all.
  4. BUTSUDO-MUJO-SEIGANJO – The way of the Buddha is unexcelled: I vow to attain the Path Sublime.

The Fourth Vow is the Buddha’s way, not his immeasurable teachings.

Gene Reeve’s “Stories of the Lotus Sutra” explains the correspondence between the Four Great Leaders of the Bodhisattvas from Underground and the Four Great Bodhisattva Vows:

[T]he four great bodhisattvas – Superior Practice, Unlimited Practice, Pure Practice, and Firm Practice – who lead the great horde of bodhisattvas who emerge from the earth are said to display, or correspond to, the four great bodhisattva vows:

Firm Practice: However innumerable living beings are, I vow to save them all;

Pure Practice: However innumerable hindrances are, I vow to overcome them all;

Unlimited Practice: However innumerable the Buddha’s teachings are, I vow to master them all;

Superior Practice: However supreme the Buddha Way is, I vow to reach it.

The Stories of the Lotus Sutra, p193-194

So I guess I wasn’t paying attention on March 7, 2021, or July 8, 2019, or May 14, 2018 or Feb. 13, 2018, or April 16, 2016, or Aug. 14, 2015.

I probably didn’t know the Four Great Vows by heart in August 2015, but that doesn’t excuse not noticing this error until today. Just Not Paying Attention.

Eternal Father’s Day

Rev. Shoda Kanai
Rev. Shoda Kanai meditating during the Nichiren Buddhist Kannon Temple of Nevada Shodaigo service Sunday, June 20, 2021.

My father is dead. He died in 2009. Now I have no role on Father’s Day other than to be appreciative of whatever my wife and son cook up to mark the occasion. At least that was my outlook before Rev. Shoda Kanai’s Shodaigo service from the Nichiren Buddhist Kannon Temple of Nevada.

Following the service, Rev. Kanai discussed our other father, the Eternal Śākyamuni, who has been teaching us since the remotest past. The sermon was something of a revelation for me. While I am very familiar with Chapter 7’s lesson about our link to Śākyamuni when he was among the 16 śramaṇeras who were the sons of Great-Universal-Wisdom-Excellence Tathāgata, the lens of Father’s Day brought this relationship into focus.

“These sixteen Bodhisattvas willingly expounded the Sūtra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Dharma. Each of them taught six hundred billion nayutas of living beings, that is, as many living beings as there are sands in the River Ganges. Those living beings were always accompanied by the Bodhisattva[, by whom they were taught,] in their consecutive existences. [In each of their consecutive existences,] they heard the Dharma from him, and understood it by faith. By the merits [they had thus accumulated], they were given a privilege to see four billion Buddhas, that is, four billion World­Honored Ones. They have not yet seen all of them. …

“Those living beings who followed me, heard the Dharma from me in order to attain Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi. Some of them are still in Śrāvakahood. I now teach them the Way to Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi. They will be able to enter the Way to Buddhahood by my teaching, but not immediately because the wisdom of the Tathāgata is difficult to believe and difficult to understand. Those living beings as many as there are sands in the River Ganges, whom I taught [ when I was a śramaṇera], included you bhikṣus and those who will be reborn as my disciples in Śrāvakahood after my extinction.

As Śāriputra says in Chapter 3:

Today I have realized that I am your son, that I was born from your mouth, that I was born in [the world of] the Dharma, and that I have obtained the Dharma of the Buddha.”

Rev. Kanai used a quote from Chapter 28 to illustrate his point:

Universal-Sage! Anyone who keeps, reads and recites this Sūtra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Dharma, memorizes it correctly, studies it, practices it, and copies it, should be considered to see me, and hear this sūtra from my mouth. He should be considered to be making offerings to me. He should be considered to be praised by me with the word ‘Excellent!’ He should be considered to be caressed by me on the head. He should be considered to be covered with my robe.

Happy Father’s Day.

Day 13

Day 13 covers all of Chapter 8, The Assurance of Future Buddhahood of the Five Hundred Disciples.


Having last month considered Pūrṇa’s past lives, we consider the prediction for Pūrṇa’s future Buddhahood.

“Bhikṣus! Pūrṇa was the most excellent expounder of the Dharma under the seven Buddhas. He is the same under me. He will be the same under the future Buddhas of this Kalpa of Sages. He will protect the teachings of those Buddhas and help them propagate their teachings. After the end of this kalpa also he will protect the teachings of innumerable Buddhas, help them propagate their teachings, teach and benefit innumerable living beings, and cause them to aspire for Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi. He will always make efforts to teach all living beings strenuously so that the worlds of those Buddhas may be purified. He will perform the Way of Bodhisattvas step by step for innumerable, asaṃkhya kalpas, and then attain Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi in this world. He will be called Dharma-Brightness, the Tathāgata, the Deserver of Offerings, the Perfectly Enlightened One, the Man of Wisdom and Practice, the Well-Gone, the Knower of the World, the Unsurpassed Man, the Controller of Men, the Teacher of Gods and Men, the Buddha, the World-Honored One. The world of that Buddha will be composed of one thousand million Sumeru-worlds, that is, as many Sumeru-worlds as there are sands in the River Ganges. The ground [of that world] will be made of the seven treasures. It will be as even as the palm of a hand. There will be no mountains nor ravines nor ditches. Tall buildings adorned with the seven treasures will be seen everywhere in that world, and the palaces of gods of that world will hang so low in the sky that gods and men will be able to see each other. There will be no evil regions nor women. The living beings of that world will be born without any medium. They will have no sexual desire. They will have great supernatural powers, emit light from their bodies, and fly about at will. They will be resolute in mind, strenuous, and wise. They will be golden in color, and adorned with the thirty-two marks. They will feed on two things: the delight in the Dharma, and the delight in dhyāna. There will be innumerable, asaṃkhya Bodhisattvas, that is, thousands of billions of nayutas of Bodhisattvas. They will have great supernatural powers and the four kinds of unhindered eloquence. They will teach the living beings of that world. There will also be uncountable Śrāvakas there. They will have the six supernatural powers including the three major supernatural powers, and the eight emancipations. The world of that Buddha will be adorned with those innumerable merits. The kalpa [in which Pūrṇa will become that Buddha] will be called Treasure­Brightness; and his world, Good-Purity. The duration of the life of that Buddha will be innumerable, asaṃkhya kalpas, and his teachings will be preserved for a long time. After his extinction, stupas of the seven treasures will be erected [in his honor] throughout that world.”

This last Sunday was the Nichiren Buddhist Sangha of the Bay Area’s lecture on Chapter 8. Since it falls so conveniently to my monthly rotation through the Lotus Sutra, I’m embedding the lecture below.

Stick around after the lecture for Danny Boyd’s comments on maintaining our practice and the peril when people think they are no longer worthy because they fail to meet some standard of practice.

My Experience

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Back when I was active in Soka Gakkai, especially in the early 1990s, I would attend monthly district meetings. These were always held in someone’s home and they would always feature someone’s elaborate experience demonstrating actual proof of the power of chanting the Daimoku.

These experiences never had anything to with Buddhism, per se. They were more like fun coincidences.

Fast-forward 30-odd years to yesterday, Friday, June 11. On Saturday, today, The Sacramento Nichiren Buddhist Church was having its summer fund-raiser, a drive-through, no contact Bento box sale. The meals were sold in advance and specific pick up times were assigned. It was a Covid-era innovation.

My first job at these fundraisers is to prepare the barbecue pit so that the grill is ready at 7am to begin cooking the 500 or so half chickens marinated over night in teriyaki sauce.

To meet that deadline I need to be preparing the piles of charcoal briquets by 6am. The distance from my house to the church is normally a 20-minute mostly freeway drive. But Saturday was the first day of a weeklong shutdown of the highway I use. That necessitated a surface street detour that I estimated would stretch that commute from 20 minutes to 35 minutes.

Going to bed at 10 pm, I set my alarm for 5am, figuring that I would get up, dress and do a portion of my regular morning service and then be on the road by 5:25am.

At least that was the plan.

I awoke at 4:50am and decided there wasn’t much point of trying to fall back asleep until the alarm went off. By 5:05am I had dressed, posted the Daily Dharma quote and  “watered” my altar – Kishimojin, Daikoku and Kannon Bodhisattva in the form of Kuan Yin have their personal cups and I have one more for good measure – and was considering how to abbreviate my morning service.

My routine normally takes a little under an hour to complete. I decided I would set a 15-minute timer and then do as much of that morning’s shindoku recitation as I could fit. Today is Day 9 of my 32 Days of the Lotus Sutra practice. I opened up the Nichiren Buddhist Sangha of Greater New England’s Myoho Renge Kyo Romanized and began reciting Chapter 5, The Simile of Herbs.

When I finished with Day 9’s portion of Chapter 6, Assurance of Future Buddhahood, thus completing Day 9’s shindoku practice, I looked at the time and realized that I had failed to set my timer. It was now 5:30am.

I made a quick cup of tea in a travel cup and raced out the door.

With a lot of help from the protective deities who control the traffic signals and the dearth of traffic at 5:30 on a Saturday morning, I was able to arrive at Sacramento Nichiren Buddhist Church by 6am.

When the cooking crew arrived at 7am everything was ready to begin the day’s task.

And that’s my experience with the power of chanting Namu Myoho Renge Kyo.

The Return of Hybrid Services

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Today’s Nichiren Buddhist Kannon Temple of Nevada service in Las Vegas included a Gohonzon bestowal. The Gohonzon can be seen next to Rev. Shoda Kanai

After more than a year of forced online-only services, it was nice to witness the return of the hybrid service. Sunday’s service from Nichiren Buddhist Kannon Temple of Nevada marked the official return to in-person services in Las Vegas. While the camera was fixed and didn’t allow a view of the attendees, it was nice to hear their voices and the uchiwa daiko drumming during Daimoku chanting.

While a hybrid service may seem new now, back in 2015, when I first joined Nichiren Shu, a combination of local and online attendees had been commonplace for years for Rev. Ryusho Jeffus at his Charlotte, NC, temple.

Today’s service in Las Vegas was the monthly purification ceremony combined with a jukai service (lay person taking of vows) and gohonzon bestowal.

20210606-gohonozon-illustration

Rev. Shoda Kanai used the illustration from Lotus World to show how the 10 Worlds are all depicted in the Mandala Gohonzon. Back when I was with Soka Gakkai I had studied who was represented on their Gohonzon. Missing from that Gohonzon is Devadatta, who represents the hell realm. SGI said it was no big deal, but it always struck me as significant since the Gohonzon without Devadatta cannot represent the 10 realms of existence.

Enough To Ruin Oneself

Kōgen Mizuno’s “Buddhist Sutras: Origin, Development, Transmission” has some fascinating details about what scholars know about the origins and distribution of the various Buddhist sutras, but it had little that I felt needed to be set aside for future use. Besides yesterday’s quote about four interpretations of the word “buddha” offered by Chih-i, the only other item I set aside was this piece of advice I found on page 47:

In order to introduce Buddhism to the Chinese, basic Buddhist teachings were excerpted from various sutras and compiled as the forty-two entries in [the Sutra of Forty-two Chapters], which imparts easily assimilated knowledge of Buddhism and its moral teachings. …

“The Buddha said, ‘If the evil man would criticize the wise man, that is as a man who spits looking up at heaven. His spit does not defile heaven, but his own body instead. That is [also] as a man who throws rubbish at the windward man. The rubbish does not defile him, but the thrower himself instead. You should not criticize the wise man. Your own faults are certainly enough to ruin yourself.’ “

Yes, indeed, my own faults are certainly enough to ruin me.

Serendipity or Divine Intervention?

Can one be a Buddhist who believes in protective deities and still enjoy moments of serendipity? I pick up one book and it leads me to another and that book talks about something I’m currently posting on this website. Coincidence?

When I was reading Daniel Montgomery’s Fire in the Lotus I enjoyed his summary of the life of Kumārajīva and posted it here. Montgomery noted that he picked up the story from Kōgen Mizuno’s “Buddhist Sutras: Origin, Development, Transmission.”

“Buddhist Sutras: Origin, Development, Transmission” was adapted by Mizuno in 1982 from a series of articles originally published in Kōsei, a monthly magazine of Risshō Kōsei-kai. In finding this book, I realized I had found the perfect companion for Keisho Tsukomoto’s “Source Elements of the Lotus Sutra: Buddhist Integraton of Religion, Thought, and Culture,” which Rev. Ryuei McCormick recommended. The two Risshō Kōsei-kai books will provide an excellent foundation upon which I can build my understanding of the Lotus Sutra.

Anyway, back to serendipity. I am currently publishing quotes from Paul L. Swanson’s “Foundations of T’ien-T’ai Philosophy: The Flowering of the Two Truths Theory in Chinese Buddhism,” which includes a 96 page English translation of a portion of the first chapter of Chih-i’s Profound Meaning of the Lotus Sutra.

This is very esoteric stuff. I admit that Swanson’s footnotes are essential reading.

Take for instance Does the Buddha experience retribution?, a three paragraph quote from Chih-i that requires eight footnotes from Swanson.

While personally enjoying this esoteric material, I’ve been feeling a tad guilty about whether this might put off others who won’t see the value. Then the other day I came across this quote in Mizuno’s “Buddhist Sutras”:

In his Miao-fa lien-hua-ching wen-chü (Textual Commentary on the Lotus Sutra), Chih-i examined individual words and phrases of the Lotus Sutra from four points of view and further developed his thoughts in thirteen minutely considered facets. For instance, a Chinese ideogram meaning “buddha” is analyzed thoroughly from thirteen different perspectives. Such a study is invaluable from a scholar’s point of view because it encompasses all Chinese views on the Buddha current at that time; however, in terms of practical value, Chih-i’s commentary is so copious in its detail that it simply compounds any confusion that the average person might have been troubled with before consulting it.
In general, the following four interpretations of the word “buddha” offered by Chih-i seem to be most germane for the nonspecialist curious about the theoretical and practical meanings of the word.

  1. The Buddha is one’s focus of devotion in the true sense. He is the savior who delivers human beings from their sufferings and fulfills their desires and is also the figurative parent and lord of humankind. Thus one should offer prayer and reverence to him with an attitude of total dedication and of obedience to his teaching. (This is regarded as the “first-step” view of the Buddha.)
  2. When considering the essence of the Buddha objectively, the discriminating person thinks of his Law (that is, of the universal, logical truth of the universe), of justice and benevolence as the basic ideal virtues of humankind, and of selfless compassion as the means of saving all sentient beings.
  3. Since the second interpretation alone is not sufficient to sustain a living faith, it must be merged with the first. Thus the third interpretation unites the abstract theory of the first with the concrete practice implied by the second.
  4. When one has at last arrived at a state of profound faith, one has attained unity with the Buddha and is always embraced by him even if one’s awareness of the Buddha is not perfect (that is to say, not in complete accord with the union of theory and practice set forth above in the third interpretation). In this fourth interpretation one has already achieved buddhahood and sees the buddhanature in all the objects and beings one encounters and venerates all those objects and beings as buddhas. It is at this point that the buddha-land, or paradise, becomes a reality rather than an ideal or goal.

Although the T’ien-t’ai sect enjoyed a very highly developed intellectual and philosophical appreciation of Buddhism as a religion, unlike the Hua-yen sect [Flower Garland], for example, it also embraced a thoroughly pragmatic, down-to-earth practice of the religion that enabled it to survive while the completely academically oriented schools perished.

A timely message about the need for practice to leaven study.

Serendipity of simple coincidence or the intervention of the protective deities?

Making Paradise in This World

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Enjoyed attending the Kaji Kito service at the Sacramento Nichiren Buddhist Church Sunday. By the time the next Kaji Kito service is held on June 27 Rev. Kenjo Igarashi hopes to be able to return to individual blessings. For more than a year now, the group blessings has had to suffice.

Following the blessing Rev. Igarashi gave a sermon that covered a number of points. For me, the most notable point was the difference in the motivation of Nichiren to become a monk in comparison to the other Kamakura-era reformers – Honen, Shinran and Dogen. Nichiren had questions he wanted resolved, most important why people are born into this suffering world. The other reformers were placed by their families or because their parents had died.

That search for answers brought Nichiren to the realization that the greatest sin one can commit is to slander the Lotus Sutra.

The Lotus Sutra, Nichiren found, was the Supreme Teaching. In the Lotus Sutra everyone is equal. Everybody can become a Buddha because everyone has the Buddha nature in their mind.

“That’s why we chant Namu Myoho Renge Kyo, Namu Myoho Renge Kyo to awaken our Buddha nature,” Rev. Igarashi said. “That’s why we chant Namu Myoho Renge Kyo, Namu Myoho Renge Kyo so that our Buddha nature will come out some day. Then we can make a paradise in this world.”

Where Do Prayers Go?

In Daniel B. Montgomery’s Fire in the Lotus, he mentions that Mugaku Nishida (1850-1918) inspired the creation of the Nichiren lay organization Reiyukai, which was founded in 1924.

Nishida said:

The living individual is the body left behind by the ancestors in this world, so we should treat our ancestors as if they were our own bodies . . . In our hearts we have the seed of buddhahood, which also remains in the ancestors’ souls, so we must protect it for our own salvation. The salvation of the ancestors is our own salvation, and our salvation is the ancestors’ salvation.

Montgomery got the quote from Helen Hardacre’s “Lay Buddhism in Contemporary Japan,” p14, Princeton University Press, 1984.

I believe Nishida’s sentiment fits well with Nichiren Shu and the reason why memorial prayers and services are important. But that’s not to say I particularly like Reiyukai. Later in Fire in the Lotus, Montgomery quotes Joe Walters, Manager of Reiyukai America Association, on the subject of prayer:

Our prayer, which in reality is a sincere wish from the bottom of our heart, is not directed towards any particular deity, but is given freely for the ears of whomever or whatever is in the unseen world, the spiritual world, and may have the power to help us fulfill that wish. In this way, we can all harmoniously wish for and strive for world peace together.

Praying “to whom it may concern” has never been acceptable me. I Googled “praying to the universe” and got back 11.2 million results, including a pullout box with “Prayers for Surrender” from millennial-grind.com:

Universe, I surrender my agendas, timelines, and desires to you. I trust that you are leading me towards solutions of the highest good for all. 2. Universe, I step back and let you lead the way.

I just do better focusing my prayers on my causes and conditions while I embrace the protection from the ever-present Eternal Śākyamuni Buddha.

Fire in the Lotus includes a wonderful quote from Nikkyo Niwano, founder and president of Rissho Kosei-kai:

It was because of the guidance of my teacher, Sukenobu Arai, that I became fond of the Sutra, threw myself into it, and made it a part of me. Until then I had gone from one religion to another; each had the power to save, but they were like coarse nets through which many fish could slip. The more I read the Lotus Sutra, the more I realized that its truth was infinite in scope, infinite in precision, infinite in power to save. The Lotus Sutra, I saw, is a finely woven net through which no captive can slip. The ecstacy of discovering this made me want to shout and sing and dance for joy.

This I can relate to.