The six degrees of identity

The six degrees of identity consist of six degrees of practice, ranging from shallow to deep. However, in terms of the substance of reality that is manifested, there is no difference from one stage to another. Therefore, we call it “Identity.”
The stages of the six degrees of identity are:

1. Identity in principle
All beings have buddha-nature. The presence of buddha-nature always remains. Every single form, every single fragrance, is nothing but the middle way.
2. Verbal identity
Understanding the above teachings by listening to good friends and reading the sutras.
3. Identity in contemplative practice
Cultivating practices according to the teachings.
4. Identity in outer appearances
Manifesting harmony in outer appearances.
5. Identity of partial realization
Partially destroying fundamental Ignorance and partially seeing reality.
6. Ultimate identity
The complete fulfillment of wisdom, the elimination of all ignorance, and manifesting an original Dharma-body
History and Teachings of Nichiren Buddhism, p 129

Calligrapher Wu-lung and his son, I-lung

There is a land called China that lies across the ocean southwest from here. In that country some people believe in the Buddha without adopting a god. Others believe in a god without adopting the Buddha. I suppose that Japan was similar in its early history. Now there lived a calligrapher whose name was Wu-lung in China. He was the foremost expert in this field, and as famous as Ono no Tōfū and Fujiwara Yukinari of Japan. Wu-lung disliked Buddhism and swore that he would never copy the passages of a Buddhist scripture. When he was taken ill and was near the end, he expressed his last wishes to his son: “You are my successor and superior in ability to me. Whatever happens, you must never copy the Lotus Sūtra.” Immediately he began to bleed from his five sense-organs (eyes, ears, nose, tongue and the whole body) as if he were spurting water. His tongue split in eight parts and his body was broken to pieces. But not knowing the three evil realms of the Buddhist sūtras, none of the relatives present recognized this as a sign of going to hell.

Yi-lung, Wu-lung’s son, also became the foremost calligrapher in China. According to his father’s will, he made a vow never to copy the Lotus Sūtra. A certain Ssu-ma, who was the supreme ruler of China at the time, believed in Buddhism very deeply, especially in the Lotus Sūtra. He wanted to have the best calligrapher transcribe the Lotus Sūtra so that he could have his own personal copy. He summoned Yi-lung. Yi-lung said to the ruler, “Please pardon me for disobeying your order but I must abide by my father’s will.” Because it was his father’s wish, Lord Ssu-ma had another calligrapher instead copy the Lotus Sūtra. But dissatisfied with the work, he summoned Yi-lung again and told him,”I won’t compel you to copy the Lotus Sūtra because you insisted that it was your father’s will that you do not, but you must obey my order to copy the titles of the eight scrolls.” Yi-lung repeatedly refused to do this, which angered Lord Ssu-ma, who said, “Your father was my retainer, yet you tell me that it was your father’s will. If you won’t copy them for fear of disobeying your parents, you will be punished for disobeying my command.” The lord issued a strict order many times. Although he didn’t want to disobey his father, Yi-lung finally relented and copied the titles of the eight scrolls of the Lotus Sūtra to avoid the impending punishment, and gave them to the lord. He then went home, shed tears of blood in front of his father’s grave, and reported copying the titles of the eight scrolls of the Lotus Sūtra, disobeying his father’s will, because of the strict order of the Ssu-ma overlord. Overcome with sorrow and apologizing for being unable to escape the guilt of impiety to his parents, he stayed at his father’s grave, fasting for three days until he was on the verge of death.

On the morning of the third day, at about four o’clock, his body was close to death and his spirit in a dream. Then a heavenly being resembling Indra appeared in the air surrounded by numerous attendants on every side. Yi-lung asked, “Who are you?” The heavenly being answered: “Don’t you know that I am Wu-lung, your father? When I was a human being in my previous life, I adhered to non-Buddhist scriptures and regarded the Buddha Dharma, especially the Lotus Sūtra, as my enemy, so I fell into the Hell of Incessant Suffering. My tongue was yanked out hundreds of times every day, and I died and was revived repeatedly. Whenever I had pain, I looked up towards the sky or put my forehead to the ground, feeling deep grief, but my prayers went unfulfilled. I wanted to inform those in the human realm about this pain in some way, but there was no way to do so. When you refused to copy the Lotus Sūtra saying that doing so would go against my will, your words scorched me in a blaze and they turned into hundreds and thousands of swords, which rained from the sky upon me. Though your action caused me unbearable misery, you were following my will. I had no one but myself to blame. Then a golden Buddha appeared in the Hell of Incessant Suffering and revealed that if sinful creatures filling the whole universe could hear the Lotus Sūtra even once, they would be sure to gain supreme enlightenment.

When this Buddha appeared in the Hell of Incessant Suffering, it seemed as if fire was being doused by water and my suffering was eased a little. I put my hands together in prayer and asked the Buddha for His name. He told me that He was the Chinese character of Myō, one of the 64 characters of the title of the Lotus Sūtra, which has just been written by my son, Yi-lung. The titles of the eight scrolls of the Lotus Sūtra consist of 64 characters because each scroll has the eight-character title. These characters represent 64 Buddhas, and they turned into 64 full moons, which brightened the darkness of hell. The Hell of Incessant Suffering then changed into the capital of eternal tranquil light just as it is written, ‘Everything is perfect as it is.’ Thus, prisoners and I have become Buddhas on the lotus and are on the way up to the inner palace of the Tuṣita Heaven, which I wanted to share with you.”

Yi-lung responded: “It was I that wrote them, but how could they help you? Moreover, I did not write them from my heart, so how did this save you?” His father answered:

“What a fool you are! Your hands are my hands. Your body is my body. The characters that you copied are the characters that I copied. You did not have heartfelt faith in the Lotus Sūtra, but I was saved because you copied them. For example, when children play with fire, and though they don’t intend to burn anything, fire burns things. It is the same with the Lotus Sūtra. If you have faith in it, you are sure to become a Buddha even if this is not your intention. Keep this in mind and don’t slander the teaching. As you are a layman, it is easier for you to repent of your sins now even if they are especially serious.”

Yi-lung reported this to Lord Ssu-ma, who was overjoyed that his prayer had been effective. Since then Yi-lung has increasingly understood the debt to his lord, and the people in that country have begun to believe in the Lotus Sūtra.

Ueno-dono Gozen Gohenji, Reply to My Lady, the Nun of Ueno, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Followers II, Volume 7, Page 59-61

Daily Dharma – Dec. 20, 2021

We have never seen
These many thousands of billions
Of Bodhisattvas.
Tell me, Most Honorable Biped!
Where did they come from?

Maitreya Bodhisattva sings these verses to the Buddha in Chapter Fifteen of the Lotus Sūtra. In the story, the Buddha has asked who among those gathered to hear him teach will continue teaching this Wonderful Dharma in our world of suffering after the Buddha passes into his final extinction. Some Bodhisattvas say they will teach in other worlds, since the beings of this world are too defiled to hear the Buddha’s teaching. Other Bodhisattvas vow to remain in our world, but the Buddha tells them not to bother. At that moment, the ground cracks open, and innumerable Bodhisattvas spring up and vow to carry on the work of the Buddha. Maitreya and others had never seen these Bodhisattvas before. His asking the Buddha respectfully to explain what they do not understand. This example emphasizes that we must continue to question how the Buddha’s teaching applies to our lives rather than dogmatically accepting whatever happens.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

Day 29

Day 29 covers all of Chapter 25, The Universal Gate of World-Voice-Perceiver Bodhisattva.

Having last month considered Endless-Intent Bodhisattva’s question, we consider some of the ways World-Voice-Perceiver Bodhisattva helps those in distress.

Those who keep the name of this World-Voice-Perceiver Bodhisattva will not be burned when they are put into a conflagration [because they are protected] by, the supernatural powers of this Bodhisattva. Those who call his name will be able to take ground when they are washed by an inundation. Suppose hundreds of thousands of billions of living beings are crossing an ocean in order to obtain gold, silver, lapis lazuli, shell, agate, coral, amber pearl, and other treasures, and suppose the ship carrying them is blown to the country of rākṣasa-devils by a storm. If one of the crew calls the name of World-Voice-Perceiver Bodhisattva, all the crew will be saved from the attacks of the rākṣasas. Because of this, [this Bodhisattva] is called World-Voice-Perceiver.

“If anyone calls the name of World-Voice-Perceiver Bodhisattva when he is about to be killed, the sword or stick raised against him will suddenly break asunder, and he will be saved. If as many yakṣas and rākṣasas as to fill one thousand million Sumeru worlds hear a person call the name of World-Voice-Perceiver Bodhisattva when they come to him with the intention of killing him, those devils will not be able even to see him with their malicious eyes, and needless to say, kill him. If anyone, guilty or not, calls the name of World-Voice-Perceiver Bodhisattva when he is bound up in manacles, fetters, pillories or chains, those things [in which he is bound up] will break asunder, and he will be saved. Suppose the chief of a party of merchants is leading his party carrying invaluable treasures along a dangerous road haunted by as many bandits as to fill one thousand million Sumeru-worlds, and suppose one of the members of the party says [to others], ‘Good men! Do not be afraid! Call the name of World-Voice-Perceiver Bodhisattva with all your hearts! This Bodhisattva gives fearlessness to all living beings. If you call his name, you will be saved from [the attacks of] these bandits.’ If the other members of the party hear this and say simultaneously, ‘Namas to World-Voice-Perceiver Bodhisattva,’ all of them will be saved because of their calling of his name. Endless-Intent! The supernatural powers of World-Voice-Perceiver Bodhisattva-mahāsattva are as great as previously stated.

See Generosity: Skill in Means

The Perfect Practices

The five preliminary grades of disciples are set forth in Chapter 17 of the Lotus Sūtra, “The Variety of Merits,” as a series of stages:

  1. Joy from assenting to the truth
  2. Reading and reciting
  3. Teaching the Dharma
  4. Practicing the six perfections concurrently
  5. Correctly practicing the six perfections

At the first stage, one listens to the Wonderful Dharma of three thousand realms in a single thought-moment, inwardly contemplates the doctrine of “the threefold contemplation in a single mind,” views “the threefold truth in a single object,” and improves one’s understanding through the practices of the five dimensions of repentance.

The Five Repentances are:

  1. Repentance
  2. Imploring
  3. Rejoicing
  4. Merit transfer
  5. Making a vow
History and Teachings of Nichiren Buddhism, p 126

Sanzen Daisen Sekai

Speaking of the “sanzen daisen sekai (1,000 worlds),” the four continents to the four directions of north, south, east, and west, and Mt. Sumeru, the six heavens of the realm of desire, and the Brahma Heaven make one shitenge, 10 billion shitenge make a small one-thousand world; a thousand of a small one-thousand world make a medium one-thousand world; and a thousand of a medium one-thousand world make a great one-thousand world. Because of this triple multiplication by a thousand, it is called the “triple-thousand great one-thousand world (sanzen daisen sekai). There are an incalculable number (four million, hundred million-nayuta) of these great one-thousand worlds in the universe. Suppose someone feeds all the unenlightened people in all these worlds for 80 years, enabling them to read and recite all the scriptures of Buddhism with the exception of the Lotus Sūtra to become arhats with “three supernatural knowledge” and “six supernatural abilities,” Pratyekabuddha, or bodhisattvas of the highest stage. Compared to the merit of such a person, the merit of a person who upholds merely one verse, phrase, or character of the Lotus Sūtra even though he or she does not offer any kind of alms is a hundred, thousand, ten thousand, and hundred million times superior.

Tayūsakan-dono Gohenji, Reply to Lord Ikegami Munenaka, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Followers I, Volume 6, Page 107

Daily Dharma – Dec. 19, 2021

They will be able to recognize all the sounds and voices inside and outside the one thousand million Sumeru-worlds, although they have not yet obtained heavenly ears. Even when they recognize all these various sounds and voices, their organ of hearing will not be destroyed.

The Buddha gives this explanation to Constant-Endeavor Bodhisattva in Chapter Nineteen of the Lotus Sūtra, describing those who keep the Lotus Sūtra. As we shed our delusions and see the world more for what it is, we begin to see and understand things not visible or comprehensible to those still mired in their suffering and attachment. Knowing the suffering we have left behind, we may be lured into abandoning this world and those in it. In this chapter, the Buddha shows that all of the sense organs we have in this life, sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch and thought, all of these can be used either to increase our delusion or bring us towards awakening. The Buddha reached enlightenment in this world, and so do we.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

Day 28

Day 28 covers all of Chapter 24, Wonderful-Voice Bodhisattva, and concludes the Seventh Volume of the Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Dharma.

Having last month considered the invitation sent to Wonderful-Voice Bodhisattva, we witness the arrival of Wonderful-Voice Bodhisattva.

Thereupon Wonderful-Voice Bodhisattva, accompanied by eighty-four thousand Bodhisattvas, left his world [for the Sahā World]. As they passed through the [one hundred and eight billion nayuta] worlds, the ground of those worlds quaked in the six ways; lotus flowers of the seven treasures rained [on those worlds], and hundreds of thousands of heavenly drums sounded [over those worlds] although no one beat them. The eyes of [Wonderful-Voice] Bodhisattva were as large as the leaves of the blue lotus. His face was more handsome than the combination of thousands of millions of moons. His body was golden-colored, and adorned with many hundreds of thousands of mark of merits. His power and virtue were great. His light was brilliant. His body had all the characteristics of the muscular body of Narayana.

[Before he started,] he stepped on a platform of the seven treasures. The platform went up to the sky seven times as high as the tala[-tree, and moved through the sky, carrying him]. Together with the Bodhisattvas surrounding him respectfully, he came to Mt. Gṛdhrakūṭa of this Sahā-World, and descended from the platform of the seven treasures. He came to Śākyamuni Buddha, carrying with him a necklace worth hundreds of thousands. He worshipped the feet of the Buddha with his head, offered the necklace to the Buddha, and said to him:

“World-Honored One! I bring you a message from Pure-Flower-Star-King-Wisdom Buddha. [He wishes to say this.] Are you in good health? Are you happy and peaceful or not? Are the four elements of your body working in harmony or not? Are the worldly affairs bearable or not? Are the living beings easy to save or not? Do they not have much greed, anger, ignorance, jealousy, stinginess and arrogance, or do they? Are they not undutiful to their parents, or are they? Are they not di respectful to śramaṇas, or are they? Do they not have wrong views, or do they? Are they not evil, or are they? Do they not fail to control their five desires, or do they? World-Honored One! Did they defeat the Maras, who are their enemies, or not. Is Many-Treasures Tathāgata, who passed away a long time ago and has now come here riding in the stupa of the seven treasures, hearing the Dharma or not? [Pure-Flower-Star-King-Wisdom Buddha] also wishes to know whether Many-Treasures Tathāgata is peaceful and healthy, and able to stay long or not World-Honored One! Now I wish to see Many-Treasures Buddha World-Honored One! Show him to me!”

The Daily Dharma from July 31, 2021, offers this:

World-Honored One! I bring you a message from Pure-Flower-Star-King-Wisdom Buddha. [He wishes to say this.] Are you in good health? Are you happy and peaceful or not? Are the four elements of your body working in harmony or not? Are the worldly affairs bearable or not? Are the living beings easy to save or not? Do they not have much greed, anger, ignorance, jealousy, stinginess and arrogance, or do they? Are they not undutiful to their parents, or are they? Are they not disrespectful to śramaṇas, or are they? Do they not have wrong views, or do they? Are they not evil, or are they? Do they not fail to control their five desires, or do they?

The passage above is how Wonderful-Voice Bodhisattva greets Śākyamuni Buddha in Chapter Twenty-Four of the Lotus Sūtra. This Bodhisattva asks not only about the Buddha, but about those whom the Buddha benefits with his teaching. The Buddha answers that those he teaches have prepared through innumerable lives to receive his wisdom. The questions of Wonderful-Voice show how we obscure the teaching through our delusion and attachments.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

The Perfect Doctrine

The perfect doctrine explains the three truths of emptiness, provisional existence, and the middle as a perfectly integrated whole, each of the three containing all three within itself as perfectly wondrous. Teachings and truths from the ten realms are all involved as perfectly full, and in one thought all bodhisattva practices are perfectly accomplished being perfectly capable. It is also a perfect teaching for beginners because there is no distinct difference in practice between that of a new practitioner and a buddha. One’s awakening is perfectly sudden, there is perfect suppression of the five levels of attachment, one develops perfect faith in true reality, realizes perfect cutting off of all illusion, performs the perfect practice containing all virtues of all practices, reaches the perfect stage embracing all other stages, possesses perfect majestic freedom from karmic retribution in the midst of a causally conditioned world, and allows the buddhahood of all beings as the perfect salvation of all beings. This teaching explains the Buddha’s awareness in a way that bodhisattvas of the distinct teaching have never before heard or understood.

History and Teachings of Nichiren Buddhism, p 125

The Neighing of a White Horse

Once upon a time, there was a king called Rinda, who was the master of the Jambudvīpa. It is said that the king’s food was the neighing of a white horse. Whenever the king heard the neighing of a white horse, he was rejuvenated, regaining his complexion, becoming refreshed in mind, and revitalized in power. Moreover, it enabled him to govern the country with justice. For these reasons, many white horses were raised in his country. He was like a king called Weiwang, who gathered many cranes, or the Emperor Te-tsung, who loved lightning bugs. As whenever the swans sang, the white horses neighed, many swans were brought to this country. One day, the swans all disappeared, and the white horses all became silent. As a result, the great king missed his meals; and it appeared that he would pass away at any moment just as flowers in full bloom wither from frost or the full moon is lost when covered by clouds. Everyone in the country, beginning with the queen, crown prince, and ministers, didn’t know what to do; they were grief-stricken and shed tears just like children who lost their mother.

There were many non-Buddhists in this country, just as today in Japan there are many followers of Zen, Pure Land, Shingon, and Ritsu Buddhism. However, there were also the Buddha’s disciples, just as today in Japan there are people of the Lotus (Nichiren) Sect. Buddhists and non-Buddhists did not get along with each other as though they were fire and water or Mongolia and Yüeh, one in the north and the other in the south. Then the great king issued an imperial edict: “If a non-Buddhist monk can make the white horse neigh, I will abandon Buddhism and put sole faith in him, who would be like Indra revered by all gods. If a disciple of the Buddha can make the horse neigh, I shall behead all non-Buddhist monks and deprive them of their residences, which will all be given to the Buddha’s disciples.” Both non-Buddhist monks and the Buddha’s disciples were startled by the edict, which they greatly deplored.

Unable to ignore the imperial order, non-Buddhist monks tried praying first for seven days. No swans, however, came back, nor did the white horse neigh. Next, it was the turn for a disciple of the Buddha. An unknown monk named Aśvaghoṣa prayed for the next seven days to the Lotus Sūtra, which Buddhas worshipped as the Most Revered One. Then a swan came flying over the altar. When it cried once cheerfully, the white horse loudly neighed once. When the king heard it, he got up from his sick bed, while the queen and many others all paid homage to Aśvaghoṣa. One, two, three . . . 10 and 100 swans came back flying, filling the entire land. As a result, hundreds and thousands of white horses neighed without interruption; and the king’s countenance was rejuvenated by as much as thirty years. His mind became as bright as the sun, and he ruled his country with justice. A rain of nectar fell from heaven with all the people swayed by the great king, and his reign continued peacefully for ages to come.

The same can be said of the Buddhas. The Buddha of Many Treasures enters Nirvana where the Lotus Sūtra is not spread, and He appears where the sūtra is spread. So do Śākyamuni Buddha and all the Buddhas in the entire universe. The Lotus Sūtra is so marvelous. How can Goddess Amaterasu, Great Bodhisattva Hachiman, and Great Bodhisattva Sengen of Fuji abandon those who believe in the sūtra? It is reliable indeed.

Ueno-dono Haha-ama Gozen Gohenji, A Response to My Lady the Nun, Mother of Lord Ueno, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Faith and Practice, Volume 4, Page 181-182