Day 14

Day 14 covers all of Chapter 9, The Assurance of Future Buddhahood of the Śrāvakas Who Have Something More to Learn and the Śrāvakas Who Have Nothing More to Learn, and opens Chapter 10, The Teacher of the Dharma.

Having last month considered he Buddha’s prediction for Rāhula, we consider the prediction for the Śrāvakas and conclude Chapter 9, The Assurance of Future Buddhahood of the Śrāvakas Who Have Something More to Learn and the Śrāvakas Who Have Nothing More to Learn.

Thereupon the World-Honored One saw the two thousand Śrāvakas, of whom some had something more to learn while others had nothing more to learn. They were gentle, quiet and pure. They looked up at the Buddha with all their hearts.

The Buddha said to Ānanda, “Do you see these two thousand Śrāvakas, of whom some have something more to learn while others have nothing more to learn?”

“Yes, I do.”

“Ānanda! These people will make offerings to as many Buddhas, as many Tathāgatas, as the particles of dust of fifty worlds. They will respect those Buddhas, honor them, and protect the store of their teachings. They will finally go to the worlds of the ten quarters and become Buddhas at the same time. They will be equally called Treasure-Form, the Tathāgata, the Deserver of Offerings, the Perfectly Enlightened One, the Man of Wisdom and Practice, the Well-Gone, the Knower of the World, the Unsurpassed Man, the Controller of Men, the Teacher of Gods and Men, the Buddha, the World-Honored One. They will live for a kalpa. They will be the same in regard to the adornments of their worlds, the number of the Śrāvakas and Bodhisattvas of their worlds, the duration of the preservation of their right teachings, and the duration of the preservation of the counterfeit of their right teachings.”

Thereupon the World-Honored One, wishing to repeat what he had said, sang in gāthās:

I assure the future Buddhahood
Of these two thousand Śrāvakas
Who are now present before me.
They will become Buddhas in their future lives.

They will make offerings to as many Buddhas
As the particles of dust as previously stated.
They will protect the store of the teachings of those Buddhas,
And attain perfect enlightenment.

They will go to the worlds of the ten quarters.
Their [Buddha-]names will be the same.
They will sit at the place of enlightenment
And obtain unsurpassed wisdom at the same time.

Their [Buddha-]names will be Treasure-Form.
[The adornment of] their worlds, [the number of] their disciples,
[The duration of the period of] their right teachings,
[And that of] the counterfeit of them will be the same.

By their supernatural powers, they will save
The living beings of the worlds of the ten quarters.
Their fame will extend far and wide.
They will enter into Nirvana in the course of time.

Thereupon the two thousand Śrāvakas, of whom some had something more to learn while others had nothing more to learn, having heard the Buddha assure them of their future Buddhahood, danced with joy, and sang in a gāthā:

You, the World-Honored One, are the light of wisdom.
Hearing from you
That we are assured of our future Buddhahood,
We are as joyful as if we were sprinkled with nectar.

See Buddhahood for All

Distinction in Five Natures

The Consciousness-only school, which advocated the meditation practice of yoga, taught the “five distinct natures” based on the idea that the third vehicle is truth. It taught that sentient beings innately have five types of predisposition: (1) to obtain śrāvaka awakening, (2) to obtain pratyekabuddha awakening, (3) to obtain the buddha awakening of the Mahāyāna, also referred to as “bodhisattva awakening”, (4) one that is indeterminate and does not fit into any of the above, and (5) one that lacks the capacity for awakening. It follows from this teaching that the potential for attaining buddhahood is pre-determined. This goes against the one vehicle teaching that all sentient beings can obtain buddhahood. It was criticized by Haribhadra (ca. 800 CE) of the Mādhyamika school and was the subject of a debate in Japan between Saichō (767-822 CE) of the Tendai sect and Tokuitsu (dates unknown) of the Hossō sect.

History and Teachings of Nichiren Buddhism, p 48-49

Relying Solely on the Golden Words of the Buddha

QUESTION: Regarding the true practicer of Buddhism, how does one preserve one’s faith?

ANSWER: According to the Lotus Sūtra, the Buddha first preached various provisional teachings, which were later merged into the Lotus Sūtra, the only way to Buddhahood. All the people in Japan misinterpret this, saying that since various provisional teachings were merged in the Lotus Sūtra, they all are equal in value or in depth of meaning. Thus, it is said, reciting the name of Amitābha Buddha (the Buddha of Infinite Life), chanting mystic mantra words, practicing Zen meditation, or keeping and reciting the names of any of the sūtras, Buddhas, and bodhisattvas are equivalent to practicing the Lotus Sūtra, and therefore those who practice any of these are true practicers of Buddhism.

I say this is a great mistake. After all, true practicers of Buddhism should not rely on what people say, but solely on the golden words of the Buddha. Upon obtaining Buddhahood, our Lord Śākyamuni Buddha wanted to preach the Lotus Sūtra, the sole way leading to Buddhahood. However, since the capacity of the people to understand and have faith in it was not ripe, He at first preached various provisional teachings for forty years or so as an expedient. Only then did He preach the Lotus Sūtra, revealing His true intention. It is clearly stated in the Sūtra of Infinite Meaning, introductory to the Lotus Sūtra, that various provisional sūtras are expedient while the Lotus is true. A passage in it reads: “Through the expedient, the truth has not been revealed for over forty years.”

Having fully understood why the Buddha first preached the provisional teaching before revealing the true teaching, 80,000 bodhisattvas such as Great Adornment declared in the sūtra that no matter how long one practices the expedient teachings of the pre-Lotus sūtras, Buddhahood will never be attained. Then, in the Lotus Sūtra proper, it is preached in the second chapter: “The Buddha revealed the truth only after a long period of preaching provisional teachings.” He also declares in the same chapter: “There is only one teaching, neither second nor third teaching except those preached as expedient I now simply discard the expedient teachings.” And we are admonished in the third chapter “not to believe in even a word or phrase except in the Lotus Sūtra.”

From these words it should be clear that the One Vehicle teaching of the Lotus Sūtra alone is the great dharma enabling all people to attain Buddhahood, while all other sūtras should be given no value whatsoever.

Nyosetsu Shugyō-shō, True Way of Practicing the Teaching of the Buddha, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Faith and Practice, Volume 4, Page 84

Daily Dharma – Oct. 31, 2021

The Buddha is great, but compared to the Lotus Sutra He is like the light of a firefly in front of the sun and moon. When compared in terms of height, the Buddha is like the earth while the Lotus Sutra reaches the heavens. If making offerings to the Buddha has such great merit, how much more so does one gain by making offerings to the Lotus Sutra?

Nichiren wrote this passage in a Reply to Lord Ueno (Ueno-dono Gohenji). When we encounter someone we consider great because of their fame, their wisdom, or anything else that leads them to be dear to us, our natural inclination is to show our gratitude to them by offering them gifts or services. When we learn about the Buddha, his life and what he taught us, even from a distance of 2500 years, we cannot help but be grateful for everything he has done to benefit us and all beings. But, as Nichiren instructs, when we realize the treasure of the Wonderful Dharma of the Lotus Sūtra, and how it is the embodiment of the Ever-Present Buddha who continues to teach all beings through all worlds and all time, our gratitude to it is even greater. We make offerings to the Sūtra through our practice, our determination not to allow suffering to dictate what we do, but to cultivate the wisdom and compassion within us, and repay the Ever-Present Buddha with the enlightenment of all beings.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

Day 13

Day 13 covers all of Chapter 8, The Assurance of Future Buddhahood of the Five Hundred Disciples.

Having last month considered the reaction of the arhats to their prediction, we repeat in gāthās the Parable of the Priceless Gem.

Thereupon Ājñāta-Kauṇḍinya and the others, wishing to repeat what they had said, sang in gāthās:

Your assurance of our future Buddhahood
Gives us unsurpassed peace.
Hearing your voice, we have the greatest joy that we have ever had.
We bow to you, to the Buddha of Immeasurable Wisdom.

Now in your presence,
We reproach ourselves for our faults.
The Nirvāṇa we attained was
Only part of the immeasurable treasures of yours.
We were like a foolish man with no wisdom.
We satisfied ourselves with what little we had attained.

Suppose a poor man visited
His good friend, who was very rich.
The friend feasted him
With delicacies.

He fastened a priceless gem
Inside the garment of the man as a gift to him,
And went out without leaving a word.
The sleeping man did not notice [the gift].

The man woke up, and went to another country.
He worked to get food and clothing.
He had much difficulty
In earning his livelihood.

He satisfied himself with what little he earned.
He did not wish to get anything more.
He did not notice the priceless gem
Fastened inside his garment.

The good friend who gave the gem to the poor man
Happened to see him later.
He blamed him severely,
And showed him the gem fastened [inside the garment].

Seeing the gem,
The poor man had great joy.
Now he satisfied his five desires
With many treasures.

The Daily Dharma from July 21, 2021, offers this:

He satisfied himself with what little he earned.
He did not wish to get anything more.
He did not notice the priceless gem
Fastened inside his garment.

These verses are part of a story told by Ājñāta-Kauṇḍinya and other disciples in Chapter Eight of the Lotus Sūtra. It is about a man whose friend gives him a jewel while he is asleep. Not realizing he has this treasure, the man returns to his ordinary life, desperate to make a living and satisfy his ordinary desires. The story shows how we live when we forget about the jewel of Buddha nature we carry with us.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

Store Consciousness Theory

The consciousness-only theory holds that there are eight consciousnesses. These include the six consciousnesses discussed in abhidharma thought – eye, ear, nose, tongue, skin, and thinking consciousnesses – as well as the manas consciousness and the ālaya consciousness. The latter is seen as cittarājan, the basic essence of the mind. Ālaya means residence, storehouse, and container. The ālaya consciousness is also known as the “all seed consciousness,” “maturation consciousness,” “appropriating consciousness,” or “undefiled consciousness.” It dwells in and supports the body, with the results of past karma permeating it in the form of seeds. It is the basis from which the seven other consciousnesses arise, and the object of the seventh manas consciousness. Furthermore, it arises and perishes from moment to moment and is originally pure. It is certainly not a permanent self.

The manas consciousness, however, thinks that it is a self and becomes attached to the ālaya consciousness. In theory there is the possibility of āśrayaparāvṛtti, transforming the four bases of delusion into four bases of buddha-wisdom awakening. The ālaya consciousness turns into ādarśajñāna: great mirrorlike wisdom. The manas consciousness turns into samatājñāna: wisdom of equality. The thinking consciousness turns into pratyavekṣajñāna: wisdom of sublime investigation. And the first five consciousnesses turn into kṛtyānusthānajñāna: wisdom of accomplishing what is to be done.

History and Teachings of Nichiren Buddhism, p 48

‘No Decline Nor Harm Within an Area of 100 Yojana’

The Lotus Sūtra declares in the 26th chapter on the “Mystic Phrases,” “I, the Heavenly King Vaiśravaṇa (Bishamon), will ensure that there will be no decline nor harm within the area of a hundred yojana, where this Lotus Sūtra prevails.”

The Nirvana Sūtra preaches, “You should know that the land in which this wondrous Sūtra on the Great Extinction (Nirvana Sūtra) is spread is a Pure Land as indestructible as a diamond. The people who reside here are also as indestructible as diamonds.”

The Sūtra of the Benevolent King states, “This sūtra with a thousand lights always shines within 1,000 Chinese li assuring that the seven calamities will not befall in that area.” The sūtra also preaches, “Many evil priests who wish to win fame and material gain will preach false teachings before such men in power as the king, crown prince and princes, eventually destroying the teaching of Buddhism, leading the country to ruin. Unable to distinguish right from wrong, the king will put his faith in their false teachings and promulgate arbitrary laws and institutions contrary to the Buddha’s commandments, ruining the teaching of Buddhism and destroying the country.”

As I contemplate these scriptural passages, it is preached in the Lotus Sūtra, “There will be no decline nor harm within the area of a hundred yojana;” in the Sūtra of the Benevolent King, “The seven calamities will not befall the area within 1,000 Chinese li;” and in the Nirvana Sūtra, “You should know that the land is as indestructible as a diamond, and the people residing there as indestructible as diamonds. ”

Sainan Taiji-shō, Treatise on the Elimination of Calamities, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Doctrine 1, Pages 92-93

Daily Dharma – Oct. 30, 2021

Universal-Sage! If you see anyone who keeps, reads and recites the Sūtra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Dharma in the later five hundred years after my extinction, you should think, ‘Before long he will go to the place of enlightenment, defeat Māra and his followers, attain Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi, turn the wheel of the Dharma, beat the drum of the Dharma, blow the conch-shell horn of the Dharma, send the rain of the Dharma, and sit on the lion-like seat of the Dharma in the midst of the great multitude of gods and men.’

The Buddha gives this instruction to Universal-Sage Bodhisattva (Fugen, Samantabhadra) in Chapter Twenty-Eight of the Lotus Sūtra. Nichiren explained that the later five hundred years mentioned in this passage is the time in which we are living today. The Buddha is therefore talking about all of us who practice the Wonderful Dharma. When we can grow our capacity to respect each other as we respect the Buddha, it inspires the respect at the core of all beings, and transforms this world.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

Day 12

Day 12 concludes Chapter 7, The Parable of the Magic City, and completes the Third Volume of the Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Dharma.

Having last month considered what became of each of the śramaṇeras, we learn the connection to those the śramaṇeras taught and those whom the Buddha now teaches.

“Bhikṣus! When we were śramaṇeras, we each taught many hundreds of thousands of billions of living beings, that is, as many living beings as there are sands in the River Ganges. Those living beings who followed me, heard the Dharma from me in order to attain Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi. Some of them are still in Śrāvakahood. I now teach them the Way to Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi. They will be able to enter the Way to Buddhahood by my teaching, but not immediately because the wisdom of the Tathāgata is difficult to believe and difficult to understand. Those living beings as many as there are sands in the River Ganges, whom I taught [ when I was a śramaṇera], included you bhikṣus and those who will be reborn as my disciples in Śrāvakahood after my extinction. My disciples who do not hear this sūtra or know the practices of Bodhisattvas, after my extinction will make a conception of extinction by the merits they will have accumulated by themselves, and enter into Nirvāṇa as they conceive it. At that time I shall be a Buddha of another name in another world. Those who will enter into Nirvāṇa as they conceive it will be able [to be reborn] in the world I shall live in, seek the wisdom of the Buddha, and hear this sūtra. They will be able to attain [true] extinction only by the Vehicle of the Buddha in that world because there is no other vehicle except when the Tathāgatas expound the Dharma with expedients.

“Bhikṣus! I will collect Bodhisattvas and Śrāvakas and expound this sūtra to them when I realize that the time of my Nirvāṇa is drawing near, that the living beings have become pure in heart, that they can understand the truth of the Void by firm faith, and that they have already entered deep into dhyāna-concentration. No one in the world can attain [true] extinction by the two vehicles. [True] extinction can be attained only by the One Buddha-Vehicle.

“Bhikṣus, know this! I can enter skillfully deep into the natures of all living beings. Because I saw that they wished to hear the teachings of the Lesser Vehicle and that they were deeply attached to the five desires, I expounded the teaching of Nirvāṇa to them. When they heard that teaching, they received it by faith.

The Daily Dharma from Sept. 15, 2021, offers this:

Bhikṣus! I will collect Bodhisattvas and Śrāvakas and expound this sūtra to them when I realize that the time of my Nirvāṇa is drawing near, that the living beings have become pure in heart, that they can understand the truth of the Void by firm faith, and that they have already entered deep into dhyāna-concentration.

The Buddha gives this explanation in Chapter Seven of the Lotus Sūtra. When we encounter even the smallest part of the Lotus Sūtra, it is because of all the wonderful things we have accomplished both in this life and in previous lives. Because we hear and practice this Sūtra, we are the Bodhisattvas who have vowed to benefit all beings and the Śrāvakas who have heard and practiced the teaching for their own benefit and are now awakening to the Bodhisattva path. The Buddha sees into the purity of our hearts, even though we may believe we are clouded by delusion and ignorance. He knows we can understand his teaching no matter how inadequate or unworthy we may think we are. No one besides us can bring the Buddha’s teachings to life and purify this world of suffering. This Wonderful Dharma helps us keep sight of who we are and what we are here to do.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

Three Natures Theory

The theory of three natures considers the existence of things from the perspective of the consciousness-only theory. The three natures are (1) parikalpitasvabhāva: the nature of existence produced by attachment to illusory discrimination, (2) paratantrasvabhāva: the nature of existence arising from causes and conditions, and (3) parinispannasvabhāva: the perfectly accomplished nature of existence. (1) refers to mistakenly understanding the objects in the discriminated world as actually existent and attaching to them as if they had an essence, despite their being illusory and originally non-existent. (2) expresses that all things exist in dependence on other things; nothing exists independently. (3) refers to the completed nature as truth. In other words, the suchness realized by awakening.

History and Teachings of Nichiren Buddhism, p 48