Included in the Daimoku

QUESTION: Why don’t you encourage people to contemplate the three thousand existences contained in one thought, instead of only advocating the chanting of the daimoku?

ANSWER: The two characters in the name Japan bring together all 66 provinces, with all their people, animals, and wealth without a single exception. Likewise, don’t the two characters for India bring together all 70 of its countries? Miao-lê says, “As a summation of the whole sūtra the entirety of the Lotus Sūtra is included in the daimoku.” He also says, “By way of summary the ten realms or ten aspects are used to indicate the entirety of the 3,000 existences.” Bodhisattva Mañjuśrī and the Venerable Ānanda used the daimoku of Myōhō Renge Kyō to indicate the entirety of the teaching of the Lotus Sūtra in three assemblies over the period of the last eight years of the Buddha’s teaching; and to indicate that this is what they meant the sūtra begins with the words “Thus have I heard.”

Shishin Gohon-shō, The Four Depths of Faith and Five Stages of Practice, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Faith and Practice, Volume 4, Page 106

Daily Dharma – Oct. 2, 2019

Mind is called the spiritual aspect while voice is the physical aspect. Therefore the spiritual aspect reveals the physical aspect. But it is also possible to perceive the mind by listening to the voice. In this case, the physical aspect (voice) reveals the spiritual aspect (mind)

Nichiren wrote this passage in his Treatise on Opening the Eyes of Buddhist Images, Wooden Statues or Portraits (Mokue Nizō Kaigen no Koto). This is one of the many instructions Nichiren gives us for how to read the Lotus Sūtra and find the wisdom of the Buddha within it. It is easy to understand how the intentions we have in our minds guide our words and actions. By cultivating the intention to benefit all beings, rather than just focusing on making ourselves happy, we mold our speech and actions to accord with that intention. Finding the mind behind the voice is more difficult. When we look for the Buddha speaking to us in all situations, especially those which are demanding, we bring ourselves closer to the Buddha’s own mind. We bring our speech and actions into harmony with the world as it is.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

Day 1

Day 1 covers the first half of Chapter 1, Introductory

Having last month considered Maitreya Bodhisattva’s puzzlement, we hear Maitreya ask Mañjuśrī in gāthās:

Thereupon Maitreya Bodhisattva, wishing to repeat what he had said, asked him in gāthās:

Mañjuśrī!
Why is the Leading Teacher
Emitting a great ray of light
From the white curl between his eyebrows?

[The gods] rained mandārava-flowers
And mañjūṣaka-flowers.
A breeze carrying the fragrance of candana
Is delighting the multitude.

Because of this, the ground has become
Beautiful and pure;
And this world quaked
In the six ways.

The four kinds of devotees
Are joyful.
They are happier than ever
In body and mind.

The light from [the white curls]
Between the eyebrows of the Buddha illumines
Eighteen thousand worlds to the east.
Those worlds look golden-colored.

See Pocketing nuggets found along the way

Pocketing nuggets found along the way

Starting what will be at least two cycles through my 32 Days of the Lotus Sutra practice tied to the new book Two Buddhas Seated Side by Side, I’ve got lots to say.

First, I’m constantly reminded that this is not a Buddhist text but instead an academic text about Buddhism. Grin and bear such slights as:

As we shall see, the Lotus Sūtra is obsessed, perhaps above all, with its own legitimation, with an almost palpable anxiety to prove that it was spoken by the Buddha. That obsession is evident from the first three words of the Sanskrit text: evam mayā ‘rutam, ” thus have I heard.”

Two Buddhas, p36

or this:

Roughly a thousand years after the Lotus Sūtra’s compilation, in an entirely different cultural sphere, the Buddhist teacher Nichiren maintained that now in the time of mappō, the entire sūtra was encompassed in its daimoku or title, and that chanting the title was the chief practice of the Lotus Sūtra for the present era. “Whatever sūtra he expounded,” Nichiren wrote, “the Buddha assigned it a title expressing its ultimate principle.” Today we know that the historical Buddha did not preach, let alone name, the Lotus Sūtra, but the idea that a sūtra’s title embodies its essence was well established in Nichiren’s time.

Two Buddhas, p47

And I’m just going to ignore the declaration that the “early Buddhist tradition” will be called “mainstream Buddhism,” the choice of modern scholars, we’re told on Page 37. Mahāyāna is not mainstream? Seriously?

But that is not to say I haven’t found nuggets worth picking up and putting in my pocket.

Take for example the discussion of what “mainstream” Buddhists would be shocked by in the first chapter, Introduction.

There is much to ponder here [in Mañjuśrī’s recollection of time long in the past], as the Lotus Sūtra makes a powerful claim for its own authority. The sūtra, which no one has ever heard before, is not new. In fact, it is very old, so old that it has been all but forgotten. It was taught many eons ago, by a buddha so ancient that his name does not appear in the standard list of the previous buddhas. The only familiar name in the story is Dipamkara (16), the first buddha in the list of twenty-five buddhas of the past, according to the Pali tradition.

In that tradition, it was at the feet of Dipamkara that Sumedha, the yogin who would one day become Śākyamuni Buddha, vowed to follow the long bodhisattva path to buddhahood. It was Dipamkara who prophesied that Sumedha would become a buddha named Gautama. Hence, the first buddha known to the collective memory of the tradition was the last son of the last buddha Candrasūryapradipa [the Buddha Sun-Moon-Light in Muran’s translation] to become enlightened. This means that the story told by Mañjuśrī is about events in a past so distant that no record of them exists. In other words, prior even to the time of the buddha Dipamkara, under whom the buddha of our world, Gautama or Śākyamuni, first took his bodhisattva vows, another buddha, Candrasūryapradipa, taught the Lotus Sūtra. Furthermore, Candrasūryapradipa was Dipamkara’s father, placing him in a position of authority, both in age and in lineage, to the first buddha named by the tradition. The Lotus Sūtra is therefore older than any teaching previously known.

Two Buddhas, p44

And this description of how the shaking of the worlds in Chapter 1 is linked by Nichiren to the devastating quakes of his time:

Nichiren was initially moved to remonstrate with government authorities by the suffering he had witnessed following a devastating earthquake in 1257. It was then that he composed and submitted his treatise Risshō ankoku ron, his first admonishment to persons in power. Initially he saw that earthquake as collective karmic retribution for the error of neglecting the Lotus Sūtra. But over time it came to evoke for him the shaking of “the whole buddha world” (5) in the “Introduction” chapter presaging Śākyamuni’s preaching of the Lotus. Thus the 1257 quake assumed for him a second meaning as a harbinger of the spread of the daimoku of the Lotus Sūtra, the teaching for the Final Dharma age. “From the Shōka era (1257-1259) up until the present year (1273) there have been massive earthquakes and extraordinary celestial portents,” he wrote. “… You should know that these are no ordinary auspicious or inauspicious omens concerning worldly affairs. They herald nothing less than the rise or decline of this great dharma.” Just as the quaking of the earth had presaged the Buddha’s preaching of the Lotus Sūtra, a violent earthquake had preceded his own dissemination of the sūtra and the practice of chanting its daimoku. This is but one example of how Nichiren read the events of his own life and times as mirrored in the Lotus Sūtra.

Two Buddhas, p52

It looks like I’m going to have pockets full of nuggets when this journey is complete.

The Rise of the One-Vehicle Teaching in Japan

Chih-i had advanced the correct interpretation of the Lotus Sūtra’s One-vehicle teaching, but the T’ien-t’ai School had been eclipsed by the popularity of the Fa-hsiang School and its Three-vehicle teachings. However, even at the height of the Fa-hsiang School’s popularity and influence, Chinese monks who were versed in Yogācāra doctrine, such as Fa-pao and Lingjun, had argued for a One-vehicle interpretation of Buddhism. Eventually, the One-vehicle teachings of Fa-tsang’s Hua-yen School and the One-vehicle Esoteric teachings of Subhakarasirpha and Vajrabodhi received the support of the state, and the Three-vehicle teachings were vanquished. As Saichō declared in the Shugo kokkaishō: “The years during which the expedient (Three-vehicle teachings flourished) have already set with the western sun. The sun of the ultimate (teaching of the One-vehicle) will rise in the east (Japan).’

Saichō dated the rise of the One-vehicle teaching in Japan with the allocation of yearly ordinands to the Tendai School in 806. The date suggests that Saichō believed that he was the messenger who had brought the new teaching to Japan and that he was responsible for defending it.

Saichō: The Establishment of the Japanese Tendai School, p175

Denouncing Enemies of the Lotus Sūtra

There are some who strongly believe in the Lotus Sūtra, but they do not denounce the enemies of the sūtra. Even if they do good deeds, read and copy the Lotus Sūtra ten million times, and master the heart of the “3,000 existences contained in one thought” doctrine theoretically, if they do not denounce the enemies of the Lotus Sūtra, they cannot attain enlightenment.

If a man who has served his emperor for ten or twenty years knows an enemy of the emperor but neither reports him to the emperor nor drives him away, it will negate the credit of his longtime service, and he would instead be punished. You should know that people of today thus commit the sin of slandering the Lotus Sūtra.

Nanjō Hyōe Shichirō-dono Gosho, A Letter to Lord Nanjō Hyōe Shichirō, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Doctrine 3, Pages 141.

Daily Dharma – Oct. 1, 2019

When they come to him
With good intent
In order to hear
About the enlightenment of the Buddha,
He should expound the Dharma to them
Without fear,
But should not wish to receive
Anything from them.

The Buddha makes this explanation to Mañjuśrī Bodhisattva in Chapter Fourteen of the Lotus Sūtra in which he describes the peaceful practices of a Bodhisattva. In our zeal to practice this Wonderful Dharma we may come to expect that because this is such a wonderful teaching, we deserve to be rewarded for providing it to others. With this expectation, we then lose our focus on using the Dharma to benefit others and instead use it to benefit ourselves. When we show how to give freely, without expectations, we embody generosity, the same generosity the Buddha himself demonstrated when he provided the teaching to us.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com