Daily Dharma – Sept. 13, 2018

I am like the father. It is many hundreds of thousands of billions of nayutas of asaṃkhyas of kalpas since I became the Buddha. In order to save the [perverted] people, I say expediently, ‘I shall pass away.’ No one will accuse me of falsehood by the [common] law.

The Buddha gives this explanation in Chapter Sixteen of the Lotus Sūtra. In the story of the Physician and his children, the father leaves and sends word that he has died when his children refuse to take the antidote he has prepared for them. He gave his children no choice but to accept what they already had and make the effort to improve themselves and set aside their deluded minds. In the same way, when we take the Buddha for granted, and close our eyes to the Wonderful Dharma he has given us, he disappears. It is only when we open our eyes and see clearly this world and ourselves in it that we can recognize the Buddha and how he is always leading us.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

A Circle of Teachings with Lotus Sūtra at Center

Similar to the pattern number three, the category number five also forms a circle. The five directions including the center and the other four directions revolving around it … symbolize the supremacy of the central point, but at the same time are all-encompassing with all directions equally in their own positions. Likewise, we may consider that the center of the five periods of the teaching is occupied by the Lotus Sūtra, symbolizing the period of apogee and the supremacy of this doctrine. However, the supremacy of the period of the Lotus Sūtra does not negate the importance of the other four periods. Without the relative doctrines expounded in the four periods to prepare the audiences for the revelation of the final doctrine, the audiences would not be able to comprehend the message delivered in the ultimate teaching of the Lotus Sūtra. With the previous four periods revolving around the last period of the Lotus Sūtra, the former periods are affirmed, in a sense that they have their own unique positions, and are thus embraced by the last period. The pattern of this circle that consists of five divisions affirmatively renders the characteristics of Chih-i’s perfect harmonization philosophy in an all-embracing manner. Forming a coherent unity, all existing things are gathered together under the leadership of the central point.

The Profound Meaning of the Lotus Sutra: Tien-tai Philosophy of Buddhism


Jetavana Monastery

Sudatta wanted [Shakyamuni] to come to teach his excellent religion to the people of this kingdom. Realizing that a monastery where Shakyamuni and his followers could spend the rainy season was necessary, as soon as he returned to the city, he began to look for a suitable piece of ground that would not be too far away from the city but would be sufficiently remote that city noise would not disturb the meditations of the monks. He found a place south of the capital that he thought was just right. It was a grove belonging to Prince Jeta, with whom Sudatta discussed the possibilities of a purchase. Unwilling to part with the land, the prince said in jest, “If you want it all that badly, cover the ground with gold. That is my price.” Jeta never dreamed that Sudatta would go so far to acquire the land. But he did. So deep was his faith in the Buddha that he was willing to part with his entire wealth. To his way of thinking, wealth could always be acquired a second time, but there would be no second opportunity to hear a Buddha’s teachings if this first opportunity were allowed to slip by. He therefore had gold brought from home and began to cover the grove with it.

A scene where Anāthapiṇḍika (Sudatta) makes payment of gold coins laid out onto Jeta Grove, Sāvatthi, in the Kingdom of Kosala

Prince Jeta was startled. By the time he had come to himself, most of the ground of the grove was already covered with gold. He asked Sudatta why he was so determined and learned that a truly rare Buddha had appeared in this world. He then proposed that they use all of this gold to erect part of the buildings for a splendid monastery. Sudatta could then add to them as was necessary. Together the two of them would build what, in honor of the prince, came to be called the Jetavana Monastery. Though it is possible that the entire compound was not completed all at once, even during the lifetime of Shakyamuni, Jetavana became the largest of all the Buddhist monasteries in India.

The Beginnings of Buddhism

Day 7

Day 7 concludes Chapter 3, A Parable, and begins Chapter 4, Understanding by Faith.

Having last month learned that this triple world is the Buddha’s property, we learn the greatness of the vehicle revealed in the Parable of the Burning House.

Śāriputra!
With this parable I expounded
The teaching of the One Buddha-Vehicle
To all living beings.
All of you will be able to attain
The enlightenment of the Buddha
If you believe and receive
These words of mine.

This vehicle is
The purest and most wonderful.
This is unsurpassed by any other vehicle
In all the worlds.
This vehicle is approved with joy by the Buddhas.
All living beings should extol it.
They should make offerings to it,
And bow to it.

The powers, emancipations,
dhyāna-concentrations, wisdom,
And all the other merits [of the Buddhas],
Many hundreds of thousands of millions in number,
Are loaded in this vehicle.

I will cause all my children
To ride in this vehicle
And to enjoy themselves
Day and night for kalpas.

The Bodhisattvas and Śrāvakas
Will be able to go immediately
To the place of enlightenment
If they ride in this jeweled vehicle.

Therefore, even if you try to find another vehicle
Throughout the worlds of the ten quarters,
You will not be able to find any other one
Except those given by the Buddhas expediently.

I’ve always enjoyed this portion of Chapter 3, A Parable.

TheOneVehicle

Jeweled Vehicle

The True Form of the Eternal Buddha

The main point of the Lotus Sutra is this: all Buddhas, whatever names they may use, are temporary manifestations of this Eternal Buddha. He appears in other forms in order to lead people to enightenment. However, these Buddhas are limited. They are provisional, only a reflection of the true form of the Eternal Buddha Sakyamuni in a given time and place.

Awakening to the Lotus

Daily Dharma – Sept. 12, 2018

Only you know that I [am qualified to] attain Bodhi
Because I heard [the Dharma].
I will expound the teachings of the Great Vehicle
And save all living beings from suffering.

These verses are sung to the Buddha by the eight-year-old daughter of the dragon-king Sāgara in Chapter Twelve of the Lotus Sūtra. She appeared before the congregation when called by the Bodhisattva Mañjuśrī from whom she had been taught the Wonderful Dharma of the Lotus Sūtra. Most of those gathered did not believe that such a young creature, much less a female, could reach the same enlightenment as the Buddha. But then before their eyes, she made all the transformations necessary and began to teach the Wonderful Dharma herself.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

Nothing But the Act of Mind

Chih-i’s use of numerical category of “ten” is usually arranged in an ascending order such as in the case of the Ten Dharma-realms. According to Chih-i, each realm is inclusive of the other nine realms, forming one hundred realms. Furthermore, each realm contains ten different characteristics (Ten Suchnesses), rendering one thousand worlds in all. Each of these thousand worlds has three divisions—sentient beings, the five aggregates, and the space we live in. In total, this accounts for three thousand worlds. And these three thousand worlds are all possessed by one single mind. If one mind contains different worlds, this is a pattern of extension, starting from a single beginning point (one mind), but one mind can expand to the whole universe. From the vast perspective of the three thousand worlds to the point of a single mind, there occurs a pattern of contraction, returning from the end of the phenomenal world to the beginning of the phenomenal world. Such a pattern of extension and contraction supports Chih-i’s theory of one instant thought containing three thousand dharmas (I-nien San-ch ‘ien), and the whole universe is realized as nothing but the act of mind. This theory leads to a further conclusion Chih-i intends to draw, that is, liberation is possible for all living beings, because it is the mind that plays the key role and determines one’s destination. From the realm of Buddha to the realm of hell, there is only the substance where one’s mind abides. (Page 129-130)

The Profound Meaning of the Lotus Sutra: Tien-tai Philosophy of Buddhism


The Peril in Stagnant Water

People who have known only happiness and are suddenly confronted with grave difficulties sometimes are so at a loss to know what to do that they aggravate their condition. The meaning of strife must be remembered even in times of peace. In other words, one must not give in to hard times. One must be trained in faith and in physical strength to remain stable no matter what conditions are encountered. Each new unpleasant experience resolutely faced will further strengthen faith and make it all the more unshakable.

The truth of this statement applies not only to individual human beings but to groups and nations as well. Stimulation is important. Like stagnant water, a person who lives in constant security becomes complacent and, figuratively, goes stale. Flowing water stays bright and clear because of the many obstacles it encounters. In a similar way, a human being who is frequently stimulated to find ways to solve new difficulties grows gradually stronger. (Page 134)

The Beginnings of Buddhism

Day 6

Day 6 continues Chapter 3, A Parable

Having last month considered the limits of the Buddha as the father of all living beings, we consider Śākyamuni’s skillful expedients.

“In the same manner, I save all living beings from the burning house of the triple world, not by my powers or fearlessness, but with a skillful expedient. I expounded the teaching of the Three Vehicles: the Śrāvaka-Vehicle, Pratyekabuddha-Vehicle, and Buddha-Vehicle, as an expedient. I said, ‘Do not wish to live in the burning house of the triple world! Do not crave for inferior forms, sounds, smells, tastes or things tangible! If you cling to them and crave for them, you will be burned by them. Get out of the triple world quickly and obtain the teaching of the Three Vehicles: the Śrāvaka-Vehicle, Pratyekabuddha-Vehicle, and Buddha-Vehicle! I now assure you that you will never fail [to obtain those vehicles]. Exert yourselves, make efforts!’

“With this expedient, I caused them to advance. I said to them again, ‘Know this! This teaching of the Three Vehicles is extolled by the saints. This teaching saves you from any attachment or bond or desire. Ride in these Three Vehicles, eliminate āsravas, obtain the [five] faculties, the [five] powers, the [seven] ways to enlightenment, and the [eight right] ways, and practice dhyāna concentrations, emancipations, and samadhis so that you may be able to enjoy immeasurable peace and pleasure!’

This from the Introduction to the Lotus Sūtra:

From the theoretical standpoint, [The Parable of the Burning House] explains the relationship between the Three Vehicles and the One Vehicle. The three toy carts – the sheep-cart, deer-cart, and bullock-cart – respectively represent the Sravaka-Vehicle of the “hearers,” the Pratyekabuddha-Vehicle of the “private Buddhas,” and the Bodhisattva-Vehicle of those who serve and enlighten others. The large white bullock cart which is given to each of the children symbolizes the One Buddha Vehicle. The rich man first offered his children three kinds of carts as expedients, but in the end he gave each of them an identical large white bullock-cart. Obviously the Buddha told this parable to illustrate that the One Vehicle is true and the three are mere expedients. The differences between the One Vehicle and the Three Vehicles, which were discussed theoretically in Chapter Two, are now explained in a graphic story that anyone can understand and remember.

Introduction to the Lotus Sutra

The Four Means

Shakyamuni also taught the four means: giving, kind words, benefiting others, and compassion. As in the Six Perfections, giving includes using all the resources of body and mind to save others and freely bestowing both the teachings and material goods on those in need. Kind words means speaking for the benefit of others. The words may be of encouragement and praise or criticism and censure, depending on the situation. At times, silence may be the kindest and most beneficial speech. Benefiting others includes all other sorts of actions for the good of living beings. Compassion means abandoning attachment to the self and its own interests, identifying with the needs and feelings of others, and acting in others’ interest. Giving is the basic impulse behind each of the four means: in the perfection of the practice of giving is found the perfection of each of the four means.
Basic Buddhist Concepts