The Primacy of the Recompense Body

[Chih-i’s] integration [dharma body, the recompense body and the transformation body] notwithstanding, Chih-i eventually puts the accent on one of the three bodies:

“[Chapter 16 of the Lotus Sutra] reveals the three bodies. If they are differentiated in a vertical sense, the true one is the recompense body. The wisdom of the recompense body, being one with what is above and in accord with what is below, encompasses the three bodies. … The text says ‘In the very far distant past since I became Buddha, I have benefited human beings in the three worlds.’ What is enlightened is the dharma body, what causes enlightenment is the recompense body. Because the dharma [body] and the recompense [body] become one, things may receive benefits. … Thus, the correct meaning [of the scriptural passage] is to postulate the virtues of the Buddha in his recompense body.”

This is perhaps the most interesting feature of Chih-i’s theory of the three bodies. The saṃbhogakāya represents a Buddha who has a beginning, and thus is finite before attaining enlightenment, but who becomes immeasurable, infinite, after his awakening. It exemplifies a Buddha who encompasses in himself both historical existence and universal principle: not an absolute Tathāgata who assumes for some time a phenomenal form and then goes back to his true nature, but a Tathāgata who is, at the same time, his true nature and his temporal manifestation.
A Buddhist Kaleidoscope; Lucia Dolce, Between Duration and Eternity: Hermeneutics of the ‘Ancient Buddha’ of the Lotus Sutra in Chih-i and Nichiren, Page 227