Odaimoku: Its Meaning and Merits.

Something has been missing from the recent articles on faith and practice in Nichiren Buddhism. Magic. The promise that sincere Daimoku can produce tangible rewards.

When I first learned about the Daimoku in 1989 it was with stories of how chanting can free up curbside parking on a busy city street or help you get a better job or find a new romantic partner. The Pioneer Women of Soka Gakkai were adamant on this point. The Daimoku was magical.

While I left Soka Gakkai in part because I didn’t want chanting just to be a wish-fulfilling gem, I’ve found that the stories of the magical powers of chanting appear from all corners of Nichiren Buddhism.

Below is a reprint of a 1996 booklet published by the Nichiren Shu Overseas Propagation Promotion Association. The author is Rev. Taizui Kikuchi, who at the time was the head priest of the Hokkeji Temple in Kyushu. He was asked to write a series of articles under the theme of “Odaimoku-its Meaning and Merits.” These were originally published in the Nichiren Shu News in 1994.


I
Seven Letters of Odaimoku

Seven Letters of Odaimoku

“Namu-myoho-renge-kyo.” This is the Odaimoku. In this Odaimoku dwells the soul of the Buddha Sakyamuni. Nichiren Shonin staked his life on the dissemination of this Odaimoku.

When we chant this phrase, we are rewarded with invaluable merit. The Odaimoku is of little meaning if we do not chant it. It can be compared to the huge wealth of others. It means nothing to us because we do not own it.

Truth of Universe

When we chant the Odaimoku, we render ourselves to the truth of the great universe in both active and passive ways.

“Namu” means “adoration be to…!” When we utter the word “Namu,” we are pledging to “hold on to” the Odaimoku “for dear life.”

“Myo-ho” means “wonderful dharma,” that is the supreme truth of the universe where we live. The earth goes around the sun. Our life is finite. These are the solemn truths of the universe.

“Renge” is the lotus flower which bears pure blossoms in the muddy pond. Hence, “Myoho-renge-kyo” can be compared to the lotus flower which blooms out of muddy water.

Respectful Title

“Odaimoku” means a “respectful title” of a sutra. Accordingly, when we utter “Namu-myoho-renge-kyo,” we are chanting the entire Lotus Sutra, even if we do not perceive it.

“Namu-myoho-renge-kyo” consists of seven Chinese characters. The Lotus Sutra in the Chinese version contains some 70,000 Chinese characters. When we chant these seven words of Odaimoku 10,000 times, it equals to reading through the Lotus Sutra, composed of 70,000 characters, once.

One Million Times

In 1980, we started the practice of chanting the Odaimoku one million times at our temple (Hokkeji Temple, Oita Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan). Eight persons joined the practice at the beginning.

Our aim was to chant the Odaimoku altogether one million times (equivalent to reciting the Lotus Sutra 100 times) by these eight persons. We thought it would take a long time to achieve this goal, but to our surprise, a single person achieved this goal soon.

In eight years, a total of 148 persons joined the practice, and the combined total number of times we chanted it reached 100 million. By now, the total times of Odaimoku chanting have surpassed 220 million, making it necessary to rename our project “the Practice of Chanting the Odaimoku Immeasurable Times.” Thus we keep on chanting the Odaimoku.

Sustained Existence

We who participate in the Odaimoku chanting practice believe that we are not living on our own account, but our existence is sustained. It is because our life is sustained that we are able to chant the Odaimoku. And we fully realize that to chant the Odaimoku is to practice the Lotus Sutra.

Odaimoku-chanting practices are held monthly at Nichiren temples all over Japan as well as abroad. When we join the practice, we never fail to realize that our existence in this great universe is made possible because we are sustained. Let us start with chanting the Odaimoku!

II
To Be Reborn

To Be Reborn

When we chant the Odaimoku, we attain a new life. Thereafter we start our life afresh. It is claimed that “myo” (wonder) means resuscitation: being brought back to life or being reborn.

The following is a story of a 78-year-old man, living in a remote town in Kyushu. His aged wife has a deep faith in the Odaimoku and Odaimoku-chanting has become her daily habit.

‘Needless’

Her husband, however, used to say, “It is useless to chant the Odaimoku because I haven’t done anything evil.” Even so, he began to visit the temple as he was getting old.

It happened on a day in March. It was snowing even after the spring equinoctial week. (In Japan, we say, “Hot or cold weather does not last beyond the equinox.”) The old man visited my temple and was playing with my two-year-old daughter.

After an hour or so, my daughter toddled into my room saying, “Grandpa is sleeping.” With some ominous feeling, I rushed to the Main Hall of our temple and found the old man lying almost breathless.

‘He Is Dead’

I hastily phoned his family doctor and two or three more doctors. Two of them hastened to our temple. The two doctors examined the pupils of his eyes, and felt his pulse. Both of them declared, “He is dead.”

On that day, some 15 members of the temple happened to be present in the temple. They had gathered there for a group trip to Mount Minobu, where the Kuonji Temple, the head temple of Nichiren Sect of Buddhism, is located.

‘How Happy’

The wife of that old man, who was in the group declared, “How happy my husband is! How fortunate he is to end his life in a temple, especially in front of the statue of Nichiren Shonin!”

Nobody proposed it, but they spontaneously started chanting the Odaimoku. Picking up their hand drums, they all loudly chanted the Odaimoku to the accompaniment of the drums. After some 15 minutes, when they had chanted the Odaimoku around three hundred times, the old man regained consciousness. He was not hospitalized but stayed in our temple for a month, visited by a doctor every day.

Then he returned home, fully recuperated. Not suffering from any aftereffect, the old man has been visiting our temple daily for eight years since then.

‘Remote Sounds’

A few years after that incident, I asked him about his resuscitation. “I began to hear remote sounds of drums. Trying to get near to the drum sounds, l regained consciousness,” he said.

His experience shows that the Odaimoku can give a new lease of life to a man who is “dead.” More importantly, however, it can make us, living humans, to be “born again” and live a new life.

III
‘Filial Devotion Is High…’

Filial Devotion Is High...

When we chant the Odaimoku, we are practicing filial duty to our parents even if we do not realize it. “Filial devotion is far higher than the sky and thicker than the earth,” writes Nichiren Shonin. Sakyamuni Buddha is said to have sat in meditation for 90 days and preached the “Sutra of Gratitude” for Maya, his mother.

A statue of Nichiren Shonin, enshrined at Tokyo’s Ikegami Honmonji Temple and designated a national treasure, is known to bear some hair of Nichiren Shonin’s mother. The hair strands are mounted on the priest’s flapper held in the right hand of the statue.

The temple stands at the site where Nichiren Shonin passed away.

It is said that Nichiren Shonin was presented with the strings of hair by his mother when he entered the Seichoji Temple at Kominato in the present Chiba Prefecture at the age of 11 to start his priest life. He carried them with him throughout his life.

Atop Mt. Minobu

In a gesture of repaying his parents’ favors, Nichiren Shonin in his later years often climbed atop Mt. Minobu and bowed in the direction of the grave of his parents. To repay the favor of parents or to be dutiful to parents is difficult for us to accomplish. Here is a story of a girl who put her filial duty into practice without sparing anything.

Masue-chan

Masue-chan was the 16-year-old daughter of a couple running a Japanese inn located on the riverbank opposite my temple.

Her father, who worked at the Oita prefectural government office in the daytime, suddenly collapsed at his office. He was hospitalized immediately but remained unconscious and in very critical condition. His wife rushed to the hospital and kept watch over her husband, without as much as a thought for the inn.

The couple had three daughters. The eldest, who was married, lived far away. The second daughter was away from home too, attending college. So Masue-chan was the only one at home who was able to take care of the inn. The charming little girl visited me at my temple and said in tears, “I will do anything I can. Please save the life of my father.”

“I am no physician,” I answered, “so I am not able to cure him. But l can assure you that your father will be saved if you offer fervent prayers for his recovery.”

100 Times Worship

From the next day Masue-chan began a daily custom of “worshiping 100 times” at my temple. Before going to school she would visit our temple and go around the statue of Hariti (goddess of children) 100 times barefooted, chanting the Odaimoku. She continued the practice for 21 days, even in heavy rain or strong wind.

Her ritual became widely known at her school, and she was often ridiculed by her schoolmates. The 21-day ohyakudo (hundred times) practice turned out to be not enough. Strangely, however her father recovered consciousness after she finished the 21-day practice three times.

Masue-chan’s behavior of dutifulness to her father deserves admiration. Even more important, however, is to make offerings to our parents after their death in a gesture of repaying the favor they have given us.

IV
To Pray for Others

To Pray for Others

When we chant the Odaimoku, we will naturally be awarded evident merits.

However, the merits ·will not be given to us as long as we wish to get them for our own sake. Our wishes will not be realized one after another no matter how hard we chant the Odaimoku for ourselves. However, our wishes will come true when we chant the Odaimoku for the sake of others. Here, I would like to introduce the stories of two persons who regained their eyesight.

It was almost 45 years ago when I was staying at Honkoji Temple, Oita Prefecture, in Kyushu as a novice. Mrs. Kume Hatano, who was 90 years old, told me the following story.

Some months before entering elementary school, Kume suddenly lost her eyesight for unknown reasons. She went to an eye doctor every day to no avail. Her father, Kisaku, remembered that a mandala of Odaimoku written by Nitcho Shonin, the 11th head priest of Minobusan, the head temple of Nichiren Shu, was enshrined in that temple.

Nitcho Shonin is renowned for the healing of the eye disease. It is believed that when we pray to this priest for the healing of eye diseases, our prayer is rewarded.

Odaimoku

Kisaku took his daughter to the eye doctor every day. After finishing his day’s work, he went to his temple arid sat in front of Nitcho Shonin’s mandala, and continued to chant the Odaimoku late in the evening forgetting the hours going by.

He decided to offer a three-week prayer to Nitcho Shonin for the recovery of his daughter’s eyesight, three times. If Nitcho Shonin did not comply with his prayer, he thought, he would gouge his own eyes and offer them to Nitcho Shonin. He was carrying a knife for that purpose.

Miraculously, on the morning of the day following the completion of three-week chanting of the Odaimoku three times, his daughter regained her eyesight, though feebly. Her eyesight was fully restored before entering elementary school. Later she graduated from a women’s high school and became a school teacher. (In those days, not many girls studied in high school.)

In sutras, we find the phrase of “six pure organs or senses.” They are: eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body and mind. When these organs become pure, we will deserve longevity. Among them, the merit of eyes is most precious.

The second person to be referred to is Mrs. Fumika Uchikawa, 70 years old. After she got married, her mother-in-law taught her the merit of the Odaimoku. Mrs. Uchikawa had bad eyesight from younger days. She became almost blind as she got old. Even the eye doctors were not able to find out the reason. •

Kakurimbo Temple

Her stepmother recommended that she visit the Kakurimbo Temple located in Higashidani of Mt. Minobu, where Nitcho Shonin was enshrined. She visited this temple five times, traveling a long way from Kyushu.

“My blindness was my fate,” Mrs. Uchikawa told me. “However, if I remained blind, the persons around me would receive great annoyance. I therefore prayed to Nitcho Shonin for the recovery of my eyesight so that I would not bother people around me due to my blindness. If I had prayed for my own sake, I would not have recovered my eyesight.”

The merit of the Odaimoku are given as the results of sincere practice of chanting. Let us chant the Odaimoku.

Editor’s note: Nitcho Shonin (1422-1500), 11th head priest of Minobusan, assumed the post in 1462. During his 37 years of service at Minobusan, he refurbished the buildings of the temple, established the system of monthly and annual rituals, and wrote many theses on the teaching of the Lotus Sutra and Nichiren Shonin. In his later years when his eyesight declined, he offered a prayer to Nichiren Shonin for the recovery of his eyesight. In his prayer, he pledged that if he recovered his eyesight, he would do his utmost for those suffering from eye troubles. Thus he recovered his eyesight.

V
Bodhisattva Practice

Bodhisattva Practice

When we chant the Odaimoku, we should be fully aware that we are doing so, not on our own account, but for the sake of others.

The practice of the Lotus Sutra is the Bosatsu-gyo (bosatsu means bodhisattva; gyo, practice) practice. It is the practice of the Great Vehicle.

The Great Vehicle is not a vehicle for a single person. It is a vehicle, loaded with as many people as possible, bound for the world of enlightenment, that is, the attainment of the Buddhahood.

When many people flock together, conflicts naturally take place due to the difference of opinions and other reasons.

We should make room for others, acting in accordance with consideration for others. This behavior is the practice of the bodhisattva way, taking into account others’ standpoints and circumstances.

It happened before I entered the aragyo, 100-day ascetic practice, in 1950. Mrs. Ino Watanabe, a farmer’s wife fell ill.

Six Children

They had six small children. Mr. Senji Watanabe, her husband, visited me at the temple and consulted me, complaining it was too much for him to take care of six kids while engaged in farming, his business.

I didn’t know what to do for them. I had no idea as to which part of the sutra we should read to pray for the healing of the illness of his wife, because it was before I had learned about those things in the course of the aragyo practice.

However, I decided to recite again and again: “This sutra is the good medicine of the world. When one becomes sick and happens to listen to this sutra, his illness instantly vanishes and he will not grow old, attaining immortality.” (Chapter XXIII: the Original Existence of Yakuo Bosatsu or Medicine King Bodhisattva) and practiced the Odaimoku chanting together with them. His wife was healed.

Some years later, the farmer died. When I visited his home for the evening wake service, I found Noriko-chan, his granddaughter entirely depressed.

In an attempt to encourage her, I said to her, “Your grandfather was very kind, wasn’t he?”

Then the granddaughter• answered, “My grandfather bought me this red car, this spring. He practiced the Odaimoku chanting, every morning and evening, praying that I might not be involved in a car accident.” When she said so, she was all in tears.

Devout Member

Thus this farmer chanted the Odaimoku for his wife when he was young, and for- his granddaughter when he got old. He was a devout member of the Odaimoku chanting gathering of my temple.

I was driven to the cliff of death due to the children’s dysentery when I was a fourth-grader in elementary school. I had injections of salt in the thigh. I remembered the first injection. However, at the second shot, I almost lost consciousness.

Nobody believed I would be saved. The extra-high fever would prove fatal, they thought. My parents chose their own house, instead of the hospital, for the place where I would take the last breath. I was told after I had grown up that my grandmother offered a prayer, saying, “I would give up my life if my grandson is saved.”

A few months after I got healed, my grandmother passed away, falling down in my presence.

It is a pure conduct to pray for others.

VI
To Expiate Sins

To Expiate Sins

When we chant the Odaimoku, we are praying in the expiation of our sins.

Priests engaged in the aragyo austerities splash water on themselves seven times a day throughout the 100-days in the coldest season in Japan.

The water-splashing practice starts at three o’clock in the morning, and the day’s last and seventh water-splashing practice is conducted at eleven o’clock at night.

“Let my sins be expiated!” they chant loudly as they splash bucketfuls of water over their heads, exposed to the freezing cold wind.

The colder the wind, the stronger their realization that they are engaged in the practice of repentance and expiation.

While splashing cold water over their heads, blown by cold winds, the practicers often wonder what wrong things they have done so that they should be engaged in such an austere practice. “We cannot help it since we have volunteered for this practice,” they say to themselves.

Big Wrong Things

The fact is that we are doing big wrong things in our daily life though we are unaware of them and even if we are not put on trial for these wrong deeds.

For example, we are filled with greed, anger, grumbling and other evil feelings and thoughts. These adverse feelings and thoughts cause harm to others.

We should also become aware that we are taking lives of other living beings. It is just because we are living. In urban districts, we seldom discover ants. This proves that we are killing so many living beings.

Those who chant the Odaimoku are said to enjoy longevity. It is because the minds of such people are purified by the virtue of the Odaimoku.

When we drink foul water, we become sick. We need clean water.

We should learn from a phrase of the Lotus Sutra. “Be not infected by evil deeds of the world as lotus flowers bloom above the muddy pond water.”

Mrs. Yoshie Ono

Following is the story of Mrs. Yoshie Ono, who married into a family which had founded my temple, was still getting along very well at the age of 96 just before she died.

Her father’s family used to be a large landowner, which had owned even the site of the castle. But the family fortune had declined. By the time of her father’s generation, the large plot of land owned by the family had been reduced to the site of the execution ground located on the western tip of the castle compound.

Her father had built a small temple in the compound for the repose of the souls of his ancestors and there he was engaged in Buddhist practice. He had built this temple under the guidance of a priest.

The priest advised her father to build a temple when he consulted him on how to compensate for evil deeds attributable to his ancestors.

The priest instructed him to build a hall so that not only he himself and his family might do practices there but also many people nearby might visit the place and receive the teachings of Buddhism.

Mrs. Yosie Ono, his daughter, was determined that the sins of the ancestors should not be passed onto coming posterity. She devoted herself to the Odaimoku chanting practice.

Buddha Nature

When we chant the Odaimoku, the sacred title blots out the effects of wrong deeds, and Buddhas come to work and the bud of the Buddha nature owned by each one of us grows bigger, restraining people from conducting evil things. •

And we are inclined to take things favorably and reflect on our conduct. This change of mind takes place very naturally as the dew vanishes as the sun rises.

Editor’s Note: The Dai-aragyo (really-hard ascetic practice) is yearly held at the Hokekyoji Temple, Ichikawa, Chiba Prefecture. Lasting 100 days, it starts on November 1 and winds up on February 10. Every year, some 150 Nichiren-shu priests participate in the practice.

VII
To Chant Odaimoku Repeatedly

To Chant Odaimoku Repeatedly

When we chant “Namu-myoho-renge-kyo” over and over, the Odaimoku we say begins to assume its true meaning.

It is often claimed, “No matter how often we chant the Odaimoku, our practice is no use if we do not chant it from the heart,” “We will not be able to receive the merit of the Odaimoku simply because we chant the Odaimoku again and again,” or “Even if we chant the Odaimoku only three times, it is. important to chant it whole-heartedly.”

As such, some deny the merit of chanting the Odaimoku over and over. Are these claims well-founded? I do not think so.

Repeated Exercises

Repeated exercises produce good results. This is common sense in the world of sports. When we challenge again and again, we are able to reach the higher standard of achievement in the fields of learning arts and all other activities. This is also true with the “Wonderful Dharma” or “myoho” of the “namu-myoho-renge-kyo,” the Odaimoku.

Some two hundred people are participating in the “Practice of Chanting the Odaimoku Innumerable Times” at our temple. One of them has so far chanted the Odaimoku as many as eight million times.

More than 16 Years

The practice started on January 1, 1980, lasting more than 16 years. This means that this person has been chanting the Odaimoku some one thousand five hundred times a day. Three other persons are almost reaching the point of eight million times.

At our temple, we chant the Odaimoku three hundred times in the morning, and five hundred times in the evening. Besides these daily practices, people get together four times a month for the “one-thousand Odaimoku practice.” The person who has chanted the Odaimoku eight million times so far never misses these meetings. So this person must also be chanting it daily some seven hundred times at his own home.

100 Times in 30 Minutes

I recommend people to chant the Odaimoku one hundred times in about five minutes. Thus it takes some thirty minutes to chant the Odaimoku seven hundred times. A thirty-minute practice is not what we are unable to accomplish. It is rare, however, to continue this practice for as long as several decades without a break, just as the river flows continuously.

The person credited for the record number of Odaimoku chanting is over eighty years of age. In the daytime, he is out in the field engaged in agricultural work. When he gets tired toward the evening, he returns home.

“You are chanting the Odaimoku so many times. You are the example for others to follow.” This is the compliment I make every time I hand him a certificate of accomplishment in chanting the Odaimoku 10 thousand times.

To tell the truth, however, he is chanting the Odaimoku many times more than his record shows because he is chanting it continuously, while working on the farm or walking on the street.

No Limit

There is no limit in chanting the Odaimoku. It cannot be claimed that we have accomplished the practice of chanting the Odaimoku because we have chanted it so and so many times.

We are not conscious· of the existence of air although we live in it, inhaling and exhaling it incessantly. How wonderful it is to chant the Odaimoku continually all day!

VIII
Let Us Cover the Earth With Odaimoku

Let Us Cover the Earth With Odaimoku

When we chant the Odaimoku, the Buddha bestows His compassion and wisdom upon us. “If we lead our life by keeping compassion in mind, we are able to enter the world of Buddha’s wisdom.” It is so expounded in the Lotus Sutra. This phrase of the sutra is my motto.

Buddha’s Wisdom

Buddha’s wisdom is not the kind we learn at school or to be acquired by reading books. His wisdom shows us the true way to live. It is commonly claimed that old folks are the fountain of wisdom. Because of their rich experiences in life, their daily life reflects the true way of life, though it may not be theoretical.

This column is the eighth and last of the series, “Odaimoku: Its Meaning and Merits.” Shown in this series are the lessons I have learned from those who have been engaged in the Odaimoku chanting practice for long years. Let us review each of the lessons.

“To chant the Odaimoku” means to us:

  1. to live in compliance with the truth of the universe;
  2. to be reborn as a human being and lead a life humanly;
  3. to practice filial piety toward parents;
  4. to receive its merits in tangible forms;
  5. not to pray only for own self but to pray for others;
  6. to expiate own sins;
  7. to realize the true meaning of the Odaimoku by chanting it repeatedly;
  8. to be bestowed Buddha’s compassion and wisdom.

Limitless Virtues

The virtues of the Odaimoku are not limited to the above mentioned ones. When we chant the Odaimoku innumerable times, we will be accredited with innumerable virtues and merits.

As I have said earlier, we will not be benefited with the virtues or merits of the Odaimoku at our own wish. When we continue to practice the Odaimoku chanting, we receive the merits in the natural course of matters, and when we are confronted with great difficulties in life, the merit we receive proves to be really magnificent.

We often pray to the Buddha and guardian deities, “May great calamities be reduced to small calamities, and small calamities to no calamities.” Even if we do not chant this phrase, things will turn out exactly like this when we continue to chant the Odaimoku.

Dependence on Buddha

When we believe things like this, concentrating on the practice of the Odaimoku chanting, we will become dependent on the Buddha and be able to purify our own mind as well as the minds of others.

As the Odaimoku spreads the world over, the earth is purified and world peace is established.

NICHIREN SHONIN

YEAR DATE AGE EVENTS
1222 Feb. 16 Born in Kominato in present Chiba Prefecture.
1233 May 12 11 Sent to Seichoji Temple on Mt. Kiyosumi.
1237 15 Ordained by Master Dozen. Given the priest name of Rencho.
1238 16 Studies Zen and Pure Land Buddhism in Kamakura.
1242 20 Studying at Enryakuji Temple of Tendai Sect on Mt. Hiei, present Shiga Prefecture and other great temples.
Nissho becomes a disciple.
1253 31 Returns to Seichoji Temple. Proclaims His faith, reciting “Namu Myoho Renge Kyo” for the first time on Mt. Kiyosumi on April 28.
1254 Nichiro becomes a disciple.
1258 36 Leaves Kamakura for Jissoji Temple, Shizuoka Prefecture, to study Tripitaka (entire scriptures of Buddhism).
1259 37 Nikko becomes a disciple.
1260 38 Returns to Kamakura. Writes “Rissho Ankokuron” (“Treatise on Spreading Peace Throughout the Country by Establishing True Dhrma”)
July 16 Presents “Rissho Ankokuron” to Kamakura Government.
Aug. 27 A mob attacks his hamlet at Matsubagayatsu in Kamakura.
1261 May 12 39 Arrested and exiled to Ito, Shizuoka Prefecture.
1263 Feb.22 41 Pardoned from exile i_nlzu and returns to Kamakura.
Nichiji becomes a disciple.
1264 Nov. II 42 Peril at Komatsubara, present Chiba Prefecture.
1271 Sep. 12 49 Escapes execution at Tatsunokuchi.
Nov. 28 Exiled to Sado Island.
1272 Feb. 50 Writes “Kaimokusho” (“Opening the Eyes”).
1273 Apr. 51 Writes “Kanjin-honzon-sho” (“The Spiritual Contemplation and the Object of Warship”); reveals the Great Mandala Gohonzon.
1274 Feb. 52 Pardoned from the Sado exile. Returns to Kamakura in March.
May 17 Leaves Kamakura for Mt. Minobu.
1275 53 Writes “Senji-sho” (“Selecting the Right Time”).
1276 54 Writes “Hoon-jo” (“On the Recompense of Indebtedness”).
1282 Sep. 8 60 Leaves Mt. Minobu for recuperation.
Sep. 18 Reaches the residence of Ikegami Munenaka, Ikegami, Tokyo.
Oct. 13 Enters Nirvana.
1283 May Ashes enshrined on Mt. Minobu.

Postscript

“When we are confronted with great difficulties in life, the merit we receive by chanting the Odaimoku proves really magnificent.”

Rev. Taizui Kikuchi, head priest of the Hokkeji Temple in Kyushu, is the Nichiren priest who is of this conviction, hardly comparable. He practices the Odaimoku chanting not only by himself but persuades others to practice the Odaimoku chanting with this conviction.

This is the reason I asked him to write a series of articles under the theme of “Odaimoku-its Meaning and Merits,” on the Nichiren-shu News, which is being published jointly by Shumuin, administrative headquarters of the Nichiren Order of Buddhism and Kaigai Fukyo Koenkai, Overseas Propagation Promotion Association. The series was carried on the by-monthly newspaper eight times from the August 1994 issue.

The original copy was written in Japanese, and translated by myself, and revised by Rev. Kyotsu Hori. Rev. Genichi Oikawa compiled this series into this booklet.
By Keiryu Shima


Rev. Taizui Kikuchi

Rev. Taizui Kikuchi
Resident Minister of the Hokkeji Temple,
Oita Prefecture, Japan
Graduate of Rissho University
Bishop of Oita Prefecture
Bishop of Kyushu District
Director of the Nichiren Shu Newspaper Co.

 


Odaimoku
Published in 1996
by Nichiren Shu Overseas Propagation Promotion Association
c/o Joenji 7-12-5 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160 Japan
Illustration Kikuko lwano
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Printed by Miyano Printing Inc., Tokyo, Japan
©Nichiren Shu Overseas Propagation Promotion

NICHIREN SHU OVERSEAS PROPAGATION PROMOTION ASSN

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The King of All Sūtras

In Hinayāna sūtras, the principle of inactive nirvana (ultimate goal of Hinayāna Buddhism to attain emptiness and tranquility) is the king, and wisdom is the king compared to observance of Hinayāna precepts and practice of Hinayāna meditation. In Mahāyāna sūtras, the principle of the Middle Way (non-duality) is the king. Also the Flower Garland Sūtra is the king in preaching the principle of perfect harmony and identity of all phenomena; the Wisdom Sūtra is the king in preaching the principle of voidness of all things; the Sūtra of the Great Assembly is the king in preaching to uphold the True Dharma; the Medicine Master Sūtra is the king in preaching the special vows of Medicine Master Buddha; the Sūtra of the Buddha of Infinite Life is the king in preaching the 48 vows of the Buddha of Infinite Life; and the Great Sun Buddha Sūtra is the king in preaching the finger signs (mudrā) and mantras; but none is the king of all sūtras preached during the Buddha’s lifetime. On the other hand the Lotus Sūtra is the great king who puts all the doctrines expounded in all the sūtras together and supervises them—such doctrines as absolute and relative reality, triple truth (truth of voidness, truth of temporariness and truth of the middle), finger signs (mudrā) and mantras, inactivity, 12 great vows of Medicine Master Buddha, and 48 vows of the Buddha of Infinite Life. I should say that he who understands this correctly knows the teaching.

Ken Hōbō-shō, A Clarificaton of Slandering the True Dharma, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Doctrine 3, Pages 120-121

Daily Dharma for August 26, 2026

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Conceptual Summary
The illustration is a visual translation of the Lotus Sūtra excerpt describing the spiritual benefits of dedication. The style utilizes traditional ink, mineral pigments, and soft colors on silk to ground the scene in classical Japanese Buddhist aesthetics. At the core is the "Universal-Sage" Bodhisattva, seated serenely upon the iconic six-tusked white elephant. The multitude of other Bodhisattvas and practitioners surrounding them symbolize the community that holds and recites the sūtra. To represent "non-attachment" in a tangible manner, the foreground includes discarded rich fabrics and a simple tray of food, visually signifying that the followers are not "attached to clothing, bedding, food, or drink." This detachment, coupled with the focused worship, illustrates the "courage" and "gratitude" mentioned in the source text, reflecting a life sustained by spiritual purpose rather than material dependence. The entire composition emanates a calm resolve, embodying the internal shift in focus described in the text.

Iconography & Character Identification
Item 1: Deities/Figures Featured:

Universal-Sage Bodhisattva (Samantabhadra / Fugen Bosatsu) [Central figure on the elephant]

A multitude of attending Bodhisattvas

An assembly of Buddhist Monks

Lay practitioners

Item 2: Text Translations:

Kanji signature '双子座': "Gemini"

Seal katakana 'ジェミニ': "Gemini"

Universal-Sage! Anyone who keeps, reads and recites this sūtra [in the later five hundred years] after [my extinction], will not be attached to clothing, bedding, food or drink, or any other thing for living. What he wishes will not remain unfulfilled. He will be able to obtain the rewards of his merits in his present life.

The Buddha makes this promise to Universal-Sage Bodhisattva in Chapter Twenty-Eight of the Lotus Sūtra. When we who are living in this latter age of Degeneration keep and practice this Sūtra, we change the focus of our own existence. We lose our dependence on the things we thought we needed to make us happy, and thus learn to appreciate them for what they are. We set aside our fear of losing these things and gain the courage to handle situations we previously thought were impossible. We stop focusing on what we need to live and find gratitude for what sustains our lives.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

Expected Daily Behavior

Yesterday’s article, The Call to Polish the Mirror, concluded with this statement:

By identifying a practitioner’s daily behavior as the “manifestation-body” (niryāna-kāya) of the Buddha, the teachings close the loop: your inner faith is not an abstract theory, but a dynamic, compassionate force that must actively transform your conduct, your relationships, and your environment.

This sent me looping back to the beginning of this project where I felt there wasn’t enough focus on being good Buddhists, of acting in ways that showed charity, morality, patience, vigor, meditation and wisdom.

How does one convert inner faith from an abstract theory into a dynamic, compassionate force that actively transforms your conduct, your relationships, and your environment without the Eight Right Ways?

I put this question to my Nichiren Notebook in Gemini Notebook and it came back with seven expectations for daily conduct for those who expound the Odaimoku.

1. Daily Behavior Modeled on Bodhisattva Never-Despising (Jōfukyō)
The ultimate model of daily behavior is Bodhisattva Never-Despising, whose story serves as the very gist of practicing the Lotus Sutra. He was famous for bowing to everyone he met and declaring that they would eventually attain Buddhahood, patiently enduring their insults, beatings with staves, and stoning without ever yielding to anger. This model translates into an everyday ethic of absolute mutual respect and nonviolence. This is expressed through three categories of action:

  • Bodily Action: Bowing in reverence and showing courtesy to others.
  • Vocal Action: Chanting the Odaimoku.
  • Mental Action: Sincerely respecting and recognizing the inherent Buddha-nature within every person, regardless of their social standing or how they treat you.

Recognizing and respecting the Buddha in every person is fundamental to the teaching of the Lotus Sutra. This is truly the first thing one must keep in mind and focus upon. And perhaps the hardest to do.

2. Diligence in Your Secular Occupation
Faith and daily life are entirely nondual. You are not to expect “pennies from heaven” or neglect your worldly responsibilities simply because you chant. Instead, the teachings declare:

“Make your best service in your occupation; that is the practice of the Hokekyo [Lotus Sutra].”

Working diligently and performing your daily duties at home, at school, or in the workplace is viewed as a primary opportunity to polish your character and change the quality of this world into the Buddha’s world.

This expectation is profound. Imagine a workplace environment where service is rendered not as an obligation but instead as a demonstration of faith in the Lotus Sutra. This would truly be world-changing.

3. Mindfulness, Prudence, and Mind-Polishing
Daily behavior should reflect deep self-reflection, courtesy, and mindfulness. You are encouraged to take to heart the examples of ancient sages, such as Confucius, who thought over what he intended to say nine times before speaking, and the Duke of Chou, who interrupted his washing or dining to greet visitors without making them wait. Furthermore, practitioners are advised to curb short-temperedness and act with prudence. For instance, to help a quick-tempered samurai disciple avoid trouble, the writings repeatedly advise him to steer clear of public drinking bouts and instead “just do your sake-drinking with your wife and chant Namu-myōhō-renge-kyō.”

My wife proofreads my posts. She will underline this section, circle it several times and add multiple exclamation points in both margins. During 36 years of marriage she has often said I should think first, wait a beat and then talk. As for my temper, it has been a lifelong struggle.

4. Remaining Unmoved by the “Eight Winds”
A true practitioner of the Lotus Sutra behaves with steadfastness and remains unaffected by the “eight winds”:

  1. Profit
  2. Sorrow
  3. Slander
  4. Fame
  5. Praise
  6. Censure
  7. Suffering
  8. Pleasure

This means you neither “take delight in your crowning hour nor grieve during the depths of despair.” Your faith should be like flowing water—steadfast and continuous, never retreating when confronted by obstacles—or like a “mountain of gold,” which only shines brighter when wild boars brush against it.

The metaphor of wild boars polishing mountains of gold has come up before. This is featured twice in the One Minute Daimoku content, both times when explaining the Diamond Chalice Precept. My son was trying to grasp the teaching and this just flummoxed him. I told him that I assume Nichiren’s audience in 13th century Japan were familiar with this image. I explained to him that I specifically asked the Nichiren Notebook to never include Nichiren’s statement, “When one enters the water carrying a rhinoceros horn, the water will be kept away by 5 feet.” I can accept boar bristles polishing gold but harvesting animal horns to part the water discomforts my modern sensibilities.

5. Active Compassion Through Shakubuku
Rather than a passive retreat from the world, you are expected to practice shakubuku—an assertive approach to proselytizing that actively rebukes attachment to incomplete or false teachings. Under this view, true compassion demands that you speak out against “slander of the True Dharma” to plant the seed of Buddhahood in others’ hearts. To remain silent in the face of such slander is to commit the sin of complicity (yodōzai) and act as their enemy rather than their friend.

The inclusion of this expectation is an outcome of the Nichiren Notebook’s reliance on Nichiren’s letters and essays. The modern Nichiren Shu leadership advocates for shōju, or leading others gradually without criticizing their present stance. Of course, if someone tells me I’m wrong and tries to convert me, I’m liable to Shakubuku them at the very least.

6. A Transfigured Understanding of Loyalty and Filial Piety
The teachings place supreme importance on showing active gratitude for the four favors received: from parents, people, the sovereign, and Buddhism. However, worldly loyalties are always subordinated to the true Dharma. True filial piety (kō) is redefined through the lens of causality: if a parent or a ruler opposes the Lotus Sutra, disregarding their wishes is actually the most filial and loyal conduct possible, because it is the only way to guide them to ultimate Buddhahood.

I want to joke about this item. As a 74-year-old man with dead parents I’m all for filial piety from my son and grandchildren. And as for “the sovereign” – Seriously? Not for the next three years. But that’s perhaps an example of where I need to do more to demonstrate my true devotion to the Lotus Sutra.

7. Praying for the Welfare of Others
When you chant, your focus should transcend selfish desires. The merits of the Odaimoku are unlocked when your prayers are directed outward: wishes are realized when a person chants the Odaimoku for the sake of others. The ultimate expected behavior is to walk the Bodhisattva path of helpfulness, taking responsibility to save all sentient beings.

We don’t chant for ourselves. We chant for the betterment of everyone, which is the true Bodhisattva path.

When I was a teenager in the late 1960s I went through a brief period of Christian evangelical enthusiasm, joining a group of self-described Jesus Freaks. My mother was unimpressed. She pointed out that true conversion causes recognizable changes in behavior and outlook. She didn’t see it in me, and I had to admit she was right.

It’s the recognizable changes that mark the presence of true faith and that’s no less true when it comes to faith in the Odaimoku.

Truly Enlightened Because of Lotus Sūtra

Therefore we say that, although Buddhas, bodhisattvas, men, and gods appearing in various sūtras seem to have obtained Buddhahood through their respective sūtras, in reality they were truly enlightened because of the Lotus Sūtra. The four great vows of Śākyamuni and other Buddhas such as saving a countless number of people were fulfilled in this sūtra of the Lotus. In the second chapter, it is stated, “My (Buddha’s) wishes are all fully satisfied.”

Kaimoku-shō, Open Your Eyes to the Lotus Teaching, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Doctrine 2, Page 78-79

Daily Dharma for August 25, 2026

20260825-ddi

Illustration by Google Gemini

Show Gemini's thinking

Conceptual Summary
The central visual concept interprets Śākyamuni Buddha not as a static historical figure, but as the eternal, active expounder of the Dharma described in the Lotus Sūtra. He is seated in the Vitarka mudra, the gesture of teaching and discussion, emphasizing his continuous 'expounding of the dharma'. To visualize his use of 'various stories of previous lives, parables, similes, and discourses', numerous emanations and manifestations of the Buddha—representing his skillful means (upāya) over unimaginably long times—radiate from his form, creating a fractal, mandalic pattern that encompasses both past and potential future. Below him, the 'various natures, desires, deeds, thoughts and opinions' of living beings are represented by a diverse assembly of individuals and animals, each engaged with a teaching relevant to their own capacity. A pivotal visual metaphor shows subtle, golden light roots growing from beneath all these diverse beings down into the ground, illustrating the core function of these teachings: causing all living beings to 'plant the roots of good', ensuring their eventual collective enlightenment.

Iconography & Character Identification
Item 1: Deities/Figures Featured: Śākyamuni Buddha (the primary, central figure in the Vitarka mudra); Multiple emanations or manifestations of Śākyamuni Buddha (appearing as past buddhas, monks, and historical figures spreading out in a radiating pattern); a diverse assembly of monastic and laypeople of varying ages and backgrounds (representing 'living beings'); and assorted animals (representing living beings of different forms).

Item 2: Text Translations: The text '双子座' (on the top right, vertical): 'Gemini'. The text 'ジェミニ' (within the red square seal at the bottom right): 'Gemini'. The multiple small texts floating on the background 'sutra' leaves are a generic, non-translatable visualization of ancient scriptures.

The living beings are various in their natures, desires, deeds, thoughts and opinions. Therefore, I expounded the dharma with various stories of previous lives, with various parables, similes and discourses, in order to cause all living beings to plant the roots of good.

The Buddha gives this explanation in Chapter Sixteen of the Lotus Sūtra. He describes the methods he used to prepare those whom he taught for receiving his highest teaching. In this chapter, the Buddha reveals that his existence is not limited to that of the physical body of Siddhartha Gautama 2500 years ago. In truth he has been leading all beings to his enlightenment for an unimaginably long time, and will continue to lead us for twice that time into the future. We approach the Buddha’s true wisdom when we see the purpose of our existence as benefiting all beings, and are certain that the outcome of whatever troubles us now is the enlightenment of all beings.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

The Call to Polish the Mirror

After I finished The Distance from the Buddha Realm to Hell, I wanted to reinforce my understanding of the foundation of this teaching. I went back to Gemini Notebook and opened the Nichiren Notebook. I wrote:

Provide the source for your statement: You do not manifest your inherent Buddha-nature simply by intellectually knowing it is there. Rather, it must be actively polished and given concrete, relational expression through your daily behavior, your faith, and your vocal practice of the Daimoku.

Here’s the response:

Nichiren_Buddhism__Theory_to_Action

While this statement is a contemporary theological synthesis of the core doctrines in the notebook, its direct claims are deeply anchored in several of Nichiren Shōnin’s authenticated letters and the scholarly analyses of his relationship to medieval Tendai philosophy.

You can trace the distinct components of this statement to the following specific sources in the library:


1. The Danger of Passive “Intellectual Knowing”
The opening of the statement—criticizing the idea that one can manifest Buddhahood simply through passive, intellectual acknowledgment—is grounded in Nichiren’s sharp warnings against “self-conceit” (arrogance).

In his letter A Reply to Lord Ueno (Ueno-dono Gohenji), Nichiren Shōnin quotes the Tendai commentator Miao-lo to warn against the spiritual traps of a purely theoretical understanding of immanent enlightenment:

“When people with evil passions are told that they will become Buddhas as they are, they will neglect to cultivate the roots of goodness or to amend their self-conceit… both are similar in assuming that the Buddha and people are the same, and they are disgraceful who do not reflect upon themselves.”

This is further supported by the historical analysis of Jacqueline I. Stone. Scholars note that while medieval Tendai original enlightenment (Hongaku) thought often remained “theoretical” and “abstract”—focusing on the first stage of the six identities, identity in principle (ri-soku)—Nichiren Shōnin insisted on a “practical Buddhism” that demanded active engagement. He shifted the focus to verbal identity (myōji-soku), which represents the actual starting point of vocal practice and faith.

As detailed in The Indestructible Vow, this active shift was a direct response to the moral laxity of the era, transforming a passive ontological status into an active, lived commitment.


2. The Necessity of Active “Polishing” and Chanting
The middle of the statement—asserting that the mind must be “actively polished” through the vocal practice of the Daimoku—comes directly from Nichiren’s famous early treatise, On Becoming a Buddha in One Lifetime (Isshō Jōbutsu Shō).

Nichiren Shōnin explains that the deluded mind and the enlightened mind are the same mirror, but the dust of fundamental ignorance must be cleared away through daily practice:

“Even right now, the deluded mind in a single thought-moment of ignorance is an unpolished mirror. But if one polishes it, it will surely become the bright mirror that is the true suchness of the Dharma nature. Profoundly arouse the mind of faith and day and night, morning and evening, polish [the mirror of the mind] without neglect. How should one polish it? Simply chanting Namu-myōhō-renge-kyō is what is called ‘polishing.'”

This insistence on active discipline is reinforced in the Shoho Jissō Shō, where the writings declare:

“Learn and practice to strengthen your faith. Without learning and practicing there is no Buddhism. To learn and to practice are a part of faith.”


3. Concrete, Behavioral, and Relational Expression
The final portion of the statement—requiring that this inherent nature be given concrete, relational expression through daily behavior—is grounded in A Reply to My Lady, the Nun Myōhō (Myōhō-ama Gozen Gohenji).

To demonstrate that enlightenment must be visible in one’s actions, Nichiren Shōnin states:

“The person who chants Namu-myōhō-renge-kyō is a Buddha. His body is the dharma-body of the Buddha; his mind, the reward-body of the Buddha; and his behavior, the manifestation-body of the Buddha.”

By identifying a practitioner’s daily behavior as the “manifestation-body” (niryāna-kāya) of the Buddha, the teachings close the loop: your inner faith is not an abstract theory, but a dynamic, compassionate force that must actively transform your conduct, your relationships, and your environment.


Tomorrow: Expected Daily Behavior

Expedient Sūtras and Non-Buddhist Teachings

Expedient sūtras preached before the Lotus Sūtra are the same as non-Buddhist teachings, in which no one can be reborn in the Pure Land or attain Buddhahood. For instance, rivers which do not flow into the ocean cannot become one, and people and subjects who do not follow their great king cannot be united. No matter how hard we practice such teachings, there will not be any merit at all unless we reach the Lotus-Nirvana Sūtras; it will be the same as practicing the non-Buddhist teachings, in which Buddhahood is not attainable. They are the teachings nobody practices and no one can attain Buddhahood by practicing them in the Latter Age of Degeneration as well as during and after the lifetime of the Buddha.

Shugo Kokka-ron, Treatise on Protecting the Nation, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Doctrine 1, Page 22-23

Daily Dharma for August 24, 2026

20260824-ddi

Illustration by Google Gemini

Show Gemini's thinking

Conceptual Summary
The illustration is a direct visual translation of Nichiren’s instructions for practicing the Lotus Sutra amidst adversity. The core composition centers on a calm, radiating depiction of Sakyamuni Buddha (the "Ever-Present Buddha") under a prominent pine tree, representing the True Dharma and steadfast wisdom. Seated immediately before him are two practitioners in humble prayer, signifying "he who practices the Lotus Sutra" with sincerity. Crucial to the interpretation is the tension between this group and the hostile figures to the right. These antagonists represent the "three kinds of enemies"—the wicked teachers and deluded disciples sickened by greed, anger, and ignorance. By placing the calm practitioners and the Buddha together, the artwork visualizes how encountering persecution is "natural" when upholding the True Teaching. It depicts the internal shift away from confrontation with those lost in delusion, focusing instead on internal nourishment and allowing the Buddha to work within the heart to cultivate patience and compassion.

Iconography & Character Identification
Item 1: Deities/Figures Featured:

Sakyamuni Buddha (Shaka Nyorai), central seated figure with halo.

Two faithful disciples/followers, kneeling in devotion before the Buddha.

A group of four antagonists (representing false teachers and the "three poisons"), one seated and three aggressively pointing or shouting in opposition.

Item 2: Text Translations:

Kanji signature (top): 双子座 (Futago-za), meaning "Gemini".

Katakana in red seal (bottom): ジェミニ (Jemini), meaning "Gemini".

Although the time is ripe for the Lotus Sutra to convert everyone, teachers who propagate it are ordinary teachers while their disciples are wicked and sickened by the three poisons of greed, anger and ignorance. They avoid teachers who preach the True Dharma, befriending teachers who preach false Dharma. Is it not natural then that he who practices the Lotus Sutra, the true teaching of the Buddha, and his disciples and followers and lay followers are persecuted more severely than the three kinds of enemies?

Nichiren wrote this passage in his Treatise on the True Way of Practicing the Teaching of the Buddha (Nyosetsu Shugyō-shō). In our efforts to uphold and practice the Wonderful Dharma of the Lotus Sūtra, we may be surprised to be the targets of anger or aggression from others, especially from others who also practice the Dharma with us. These difficulties will be opportunities for us to practice wisdom and nourish our compassion. We can learn to recognize others’ delusions within our own minds and remain focused on ridding ourselves of the three poisons, rather than attempting to change someone else’s behavior. In this way we become an example for how to live, and allow the Ever-Present Buddha Śākyamuni to work within our hearts.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

The Distance from the Buddha Realm to Hell

After finishing my examination of the power and purpose of the Odaimoku and exploring Gemini Notebook’s concept of what a daily practice might look like, I still had a lingering concern. We are told that we do not practice to become a Buddha; rather, the practice is the active expression of the Buddha that we already are. Is there a danger in imagining that the realm of the Buddha is always present?

I opened the Nichiren Notebook and wrote:

Assess the accuracy of this statement against the sources here. Focus on any weakness in the argument:

Hongaku (original enlightenment) presupposes that the realm of the Buddha is inherent in each moment. This is founded on the concept of 3,000 realms in a single thought moment. Since all 10 realms are present at each moment and all 10 realms are present in each realm, the realm of the Buddha is just as close as that of hell.

Here’s Gemini Notebook’s response:

manifesting-buddha-nature
manifesting-buddha-nature

This statement carries profound theological weight and is highly accurate on an ontological level, representing the core nondual teachings of both medieval Japanese Tendai and Nichiren Shōnin. However, when viewed through the lenses of daily human experience and practical application, the argument contains crucial weaknesses and subtle traps that both historic scholars and Nichiren himself sought to resolve.

An examination of the strengths of this statement, followed by a look at the hidden weaknesses of the argument, reveals how these concepts play out in real life.


The Ontological Accuracy: Absolute nonduality

Your statement’s premises are firmly grounded in the classical metaphysics of the Lotus Sutra:

  1. The Inherence of Buddhahood (Hongaku): Original enlightenment thought indeed presupposes that the Buddha-realm is not a distant, supernatural goal to be constructed over lifetimes of grueling labor, but the originally inherent nature of all reality, sentient and insentient alike.
  2. The Foundation of Ichinen Sanzen: This immanentalist view is mathematically and philosophically modeled on the Tiantai doctrine of the three thousand realms in a single thought-moment (ichinen sanzen). This doctrine asserts that your ordinary, moment-to-moment mind and the entire physical universe are mutually encompassing.
  3. The Mutual Possession of the Ten Worlds (Jikkai Gogu): Because each of the Ten Worlds contains all ten within itself, the boundaries between the sacred and the profane are completely collapsed. As Nichiren Shōnin famously wrote to the wife of the Lord of Ōmonsu:

    “Some sutras state that hell exists underground while others state that the Buddha exists to the west. Upon closer inspection, however, it is preached that both hell and the Buddha exist within our five-foot bodies.”

Because the hell-realm inherently contains the Buddha-realm, and the Buddha-realm inherently contains the hell-realm, the absolute nondual distance between supreme awakening and supreme torment is indeed collapsed to a single moment of consciousness.


The Hidden Weaknesses of the Argument

While ontologically flawless, a flat, unqualified acceptance of this statement introduces three significant theological and practical weaknesses:

1. The Phenomenological Asymmetry (The Experiential Gap)

The primary weakness of the argument is that it assumes ontological equidistance translates into experiential equidistance. In the everyday life of an ordinary worldling (bonbu), the realms of hell and the Buddha are not experienced as being equally close.

Delusion, anger, greed, and suffering are the default, highly active states of the human mind in this chaotic, spiritually degraded era (mappō). To experience the function of hell, you do not need to exert any spiritual effort; a single moment of rage, greed, or neglect of others immediately manifests it.

In contrast, the Buddha-realm within your mind is heavily obscured, latent, and dormant. In the Kanjin Honzon Shō, Nichiren compares the Buddha-realm in ordinary humans to fire latent within a flint. While the fire is inherently there, it remains completely invisible and inaccessible until you strike the stone. Therefore, while hell manifests spontaneously, the Buddha-realm requires an active, dynamic catalyst—specifically, the physical action of chanting Namu-myōhō-renge-kyō with faith—to be evoked into reality.

2. The Trap of Moral Laxity and Sacralizing the Status Quo

By asserting that the Buddha-realm is “just as close” and already fully present in each moment without any distinction, the argument risks falling into the ultimate historic pitfall of radical Hongaku thought.

If your ordinary, deluded thoughts and behaviors are equated with Buddhahood exactly as they are without transformation, the necessity of ethical conduct, compassion, and practice vanishes. This absolute equation historically led to moral laxity, where even defilements and harmful acts were rationalized as “the Buddha’s work”.

Nichiren strictly guarded against this quietist trap by distinguishing between:

  • Ri no Ichinen Sanzen (Principle): The passive, abstract potential for Buddhahood, which is useless if it remains dormant in your mind.
  • Ji no Ichinen Sanzen (Actuality): The dynamic actualization of Buddhahood.

You do not manifest your inherent Buddha-nature simply by intellectually knowing it is there. Rather, it must be actively polished and given concrete, relational expression through your daily behavior, your faith, and your vocal practice of the Daimoku.

3. The Symmetrical Fallacy of Mutual Possession

The mutual possession of the Ten Worlds is not a flat, symmetrical identity. While the Buddha-realm contains the hell-realm, and the hell-realm contains the Buddha-realm, the internal structure of these states of life is entirely different:

  • In the Buddha-realm, the lower nine realms (including hell) are fully integrated and subdued under the light of supreme wisdom. The Buddha retains the capacity for hell only as a latent vehicle of compassion, allowing him to enter states of suffering to guide and save others.
  • In the hell-realm of an ordinary worldling, the Buddha-nature is completely submerged and overpowered by delusions and spiritual blindness.

To say they are “just as close” overlooks this structural hierarchy. Without the guiding light of the True Dharma, the ordinary worldling remains bound by the agonizing chains of suffering, even though the key to their liberation lies within their own breast.

Tomorrow: The Call to Polish the Mirror

On the Journey to a Place of Treasures